我国信托财产制度的法律思考

【作者】 陈光；

【导师】 张军建；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 经济法， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 信托财产的独立性是指信托一经设立，信托财产即与委托人和受托人的固有财产相区别，不受委托人或受托人状况的变化、甚至来自于破产的影响。也就是说，在信托法律关系成立后，原由委托人所有的信托财产所有权转移给受托人所有，在信托法律关系存续期间，信托财产的所有权属于受托人。信托财产的独立性，使得信托财产免受信托当事人与第三人之间复杂的债权债务关系的影响，从而使信托具有了其它财产制度所不具有的风险隔离功能，增加信托财产的安全性。我国信托财产制度，由于概念上的含糊，导致了法律条文与信托的本质—信托财产独立性之间的矛盾，以至于从我国信托法诞生的那一天起，就开始受到各方面的批评，并持续至今。具体表现在：一是以含糊其词的方式默认委托人保留信托财产的所有权，抹煞了信托的本质，造成了信托法理上概念的混淆；二是由此带来的委托人的权利极度扩大，使得信托财产的独立性无从彰显。而信托财产独立性地位的丧失，在许多方面制约着信托业的发展。本文通过运用历史分析法、对比分析法、实例分析法、逻辑分析法、语境分析法等，从分析信托财产的概念、内在结构、特征以及信托财产制度的形成发展入手，深入分析信托的本质—信托财产独立性，来探讨信托财产制度建构；同时在借鉴国外关于信托财产制度立法经验还有多种学说的基础上，来探索如何完善我国信托财产制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 As soon as the trust property independence is refers to the trust to pass through sets up, the trust property namely distinguishes with the trustee and bailee’s inherent property, not the trustee or the bailee condition change, even comes from the bankrupt influence. In other words, Had been established after the trust legal relationship, the reason trustee’s all trust property rights shift to the bailee all, lasts the period in the trust legal relationship, the trust property property rights belong to the bailee. The trust property independence, causes the trust property to exempt the trust litigant with the third human of between complex creditor’s rights debt relations influence, thus enable the trust to have the risk which other property system did not have to isolate the function, the increase trust property security.Our country’s trust property system, because in concept ambiguous, has caused the legal article self contradiction. Concrete manifestation in: One, talks ambiguously the way tacitly approves the trustee to retain the trust property the property rights, has obliterated the trust essence, has created in the trust legal principle theory of law the concept confusion; Two, from this trustee’s right extreme expansion which brings, causes the trust property the independence clear to reveal without knowing where to begin. But trust property independent status losing, is restricting the trust industry development in many aspects. Not only this withdraws from the trust relations with the British and American legal system country trustee the tradition to violate completely, moreover also and with had the trust method most countries for the mainland legal system to have certain difference.Therefore, carries on the analysis discussion to the trust property system, is helpful in carefully examines to the Chinese trust property system, also is helpful to the Chinese trust industry again localization. This article decided through the utilization many kinds of research technique, obtains from the analysis trust property concept as well as the trust property system formation development, discusses the trust property system to construct。Meanwhile in model overseas about trust property system legislation experience as well as in restrictive right shift theory foundation, how explores consummates our country trust property system.更多还原