中小企业信用再担保机构构建研究

【作者】 黄楠；

【导师】 陈晓红；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，中小企业对国民经济的贡献率不断上升，而融资难一直是制约中小企业健康发展的“瓶颈”。为了缓解中小企业融资难问题，我国成立了各种形式的中小企业信用担保机构，之后逐渐形成了信用担保产业。但是，为数众多的信用担保机构却面临着新的问题，如缺乏资本金、风险分散机制缺位等，造成了多数信用担保机构出现经营上的困难，导致了部分信用担保机构由于代偿而倒闭。此时，信用再担保机构已到了“呼之欲出”的阶段，建立信用再担保机构必要性得到了社会各界的肯定。本研究引入了信用担保理论、融资担保理论及信用再担保相关理论，如再保险理论、再贷款理论等，探讨构建信用再担保机构的制度必要性、客观必要性和可行性，并结合国际、国内信用再担保实践经验，使信用再担保机构的构建具备了坚实的理论和实践基础。在分别构建了商业性和政策性运作的信用再担保机构的模型后，运用数理分析比较后发现，商业性运作的信用再担保机构运作效率更高，因此信用再担保机构应采用政府提供资金，遵循市场化的商业性运作。针对湖南省的信用担保机构特例，发放调查问卷考察其运作效率，发现放大倍数低、业务量小、需要承担的风险偏大，是“无代偿信用担保机构类”、“强偿债能力信用担保机构类”和“低资产质量信用担保机构类”三类信用担保机构都具备的特征。所以，根据该省实际，提出了具体的信用再担保机构构建方案要点和具体的构建思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, SMEs unceasingly rose to the national economy, however, financing difficultly is always "the bottleneck", which restricts SMEs’ healthy development.In order to alleviate SMEs’ financing difficulties, various forms of SMEs credit guarantee institutions have been established. And afterwards, a credit guarantee industry has been formed gradually. But a large number of them are facing new problems, such as lack of capital, lack of risk diversification mechanism, which cause some guarantee institutions to closure as a result of the compensation. At this time, credit re-guarantee institution is appealed to arrive, and the necessity of establishment obtains the social affirmation from all walks of life.Re-guarantee theories are introduced, for re-insurance theory, re-loans theory and so on. And comparisons between international and domestic re-guarantee experiences are completed. On the objections of credit guarantee system, re-guarantee institution’s construction is the system necessity. All above form the basis of the re-guarantee instituion’s construction.After building the models of commercial and political operational re-guarantee institutions, and using mathematical analysis, we find that the commercial operational re-guarantee institutions are more efficiency. So, government should provide the fund, and they should follow commercial operation. In view of Hunan Province’s credit guarantee organizations exceptional case, survey questionnaires had been sent to investigate their operational efficiencies. Low magnification, small business volume, large risks undertook are the common characteristics of the three types guarantee institutions, "non-compensation guarantee institutions", "strong debt redemption ability guarantee institutions" and "low property quality guarantee institutions". Therefore, in accordance with the province’s realities, specific program elements and specific establishment way are proposed.更多还原