企业重组的会计和税务问题研究

【作者】 王胄；

【导师】 万寿义；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 会计学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 企业重组是指企业之间以产权流动或经营权的改变为纽带，遵循经济、行政、法律原则，并按照市场规律对企业原有、既存的各类资源要素及企业本身实施的再造企业组织形式、优化企业结构的企业行为，从而达到企业资源优化配置的最终目的。虽然2006年新《企业会计准则》对债务重组等相关问题规范了其会计处理方法。与此同时，我国对企业并购会计问题的研究已远远落后于实践对它提出的要求。因此，研究企业重组的会计问题以及制定相关的会计规范已是刻不容缓。企业重组能够优化资源配置，而在企业的具体重组过程中，必然会发生资产、负债或者所有者权益的转移，从而涉及到对有关会计科目的会计处理和纳税处理。两类税收问题也随之产生：第一，是资产转移的流转税问题。第二，是对产权转移形成的所得税问题。因为在重组过程中企业在税法的允许范围内减少税负也就是减少了企业的成本。所以企业重组中的税收处理问题和会计问题也就成了企业重组中需要重点考虑的问题。由于企业重组在我国经济生活中方兴未艾，加上部分会计、税收、法律等方面的规范不够健全，在少数地方还缺乏具体规定。对此，文章从会计和税收的基本原理和法律法规中规定的基本原则出发，提出了自己的个人观点。全文共分五个部分，内容如下：第一部分从企业重组的基本理论入手，分析了企业重组的形式和动因。着重分析我国目前企业重组过程中存在的会计问题和税收问题的探究。第二部分针对资产中的存量资产，研究资产重组的会计问题和纳税问题，重点研究了资产重组中一些非货币性交易的具体操作办法和纳税处理办法。第三部分因为新《企业会计准则》对债务重组有了重新的处理要求，主要根据2006年新版《企业会计准则》探讨了新旧准则关于债务重组的差异，以及新准则的所带来的变化等等。第四部分是从股权重组入手，结合具体的案例，重点分析了公司制企业的股权重组的会计问题和纳税问题的处理。第五部分是将企业重组具体的分成企业分立、企业清算中的会计处理问题和纳税处理问题。由于会计问题和纳税问题在企业重组中往往是同时出现的，所以本文把二者共同作为文章的题目，侧重于会计处理和纳税处理的对照与结合。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reorganization of enterprise is one of economic instruments by which all available resources owned by the enterprise would be reorganized with the means of changing property right under the principal of economy and administration and national laws so that all resources of the company can be optimized.At the present there are still different ideas about many accounting issues concerning on the reorganization of enterprise, although the new <Accounting regulations of enterprises> in 2006 has regulated the accounting management measures on reorganization of accounting and some related issues. Also, China’s research on the accounting problems of enterprise M&A has been behind the practical requirements. As a result, it is necessary and urgent to do research on the accounting issues of the reorganization of enterprise, and to establish some related accounting rules.The reorganization of enterprise can make the resources be optimized, however, during the specific process of the reorganization, transferring of property, debt or the right of owners will occur, which concerns on the accounting planning and the tax planning. Then two kinds of taxes appear: First is the circulation tax in the property transference. Second is the income tax by the transference of the property right. Because during the process of reorganization the enterprises deduce its tax within the allowance of the Tax Law---that is to deduce the cost of the enterprise, Tax planning in Reorganization of enterprise becomes a main issue that should be considered carefully in the reorganization of enterpriseFor reorganization does not develop very fast and regulations on accounting, tax and laws are not mature, also for the lacking of detailed regulations, this paper presents my own points through the basic principles of accounting and laws.This paper is divided into five parts, briefly mentioned as followed: The first part is to analyses the forms and motives of reorganization of enterprise through the basic theories of reorganization of enterprise. It is mainly to analyses the researches on accounting problems and tax problems in the process of China’s reorganization of enterprise.The second part is to research accounting problems and tax problems in the process of reorganization of enterprise, which aims at existing property. It is mainly to research the practical ways without money and Tax planning ways during reorganization of enterprise.The third part is about the differences between the old and new <Accounting regulations of enterprises> for there are some changes in new <Accounting regulations of enterprises> published in 2006.Also,it is about the changes that are brought about by the new one.The fourth part is the accounting problems and tax problems in reorganization of the company’s stock, with detailed examples.The fifth part is to divide the reorganization of enterprise into accounting problems and tax problems in spin-off and ect.The paper got its name for accounting problems and tax problems appear ta the same time in reorganization of enterprise. Also, this paper pays attention to both comparison and combination of accounting planning and tax planning.更多还原