发展幸福导向的中国知识经济

【作者】 李为；

【导师】 赵秋成；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 国民经济学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我们身处其中的工业经济无论从主体方面讲还是从客体方面讲其发展都是不可持续的：从主体角度来看，发展测量标准的单一化使得作为主体的人反而被边缘化，投射到心理状态上呈现出身份焦虑症；从客体角度来看，工业经济所依赖的资源多为不可再生资源，标准化的人居环境又与多样化的生物圈相冲突。根据莱布尼茨的连续律，我们不可能超越工业经济发展阶段，但是我们可以对其进行修正。借鉴其他国家经验，我们发现了发展知识经济这一路径。但是就有着经济学和社会学两个来源的知识经济本身而言，其测量角度现在已经简化到只剩下经济学方法——而经济测量工具本身是有致命缺陷的，因为当代经济学发展已经和伦理学远远背离——这不能不说是一种相当令人遗憾的趋势。发展的终极目标是为了人本身，但是经济发展与人本身的发展未必就服从因果律。由此，中国的知识经济应该在通常意义之外更增加一种意识形态的内容，那就是可持续的思想。人的可持续与经济的可持续同步发展，社会进步的结果更应该表现促进人的幸福，所以中国的知识经济应该以幸福为导向。由于幸福同时具有主观性和客观性两种特征这两个特征，经济学才面临着能解决和不能解决的问题。马斯洛在《动机和人格》前言中，将人的需要分为“物质主义动机”、“社会性动机”、“超越性动机”三类；相应地，幸福也可分为三类，即“物质幸福”、“人际幸福”和“精神幸福”，这样，经济发展能解决的问题就是帮助实现物质幸福，而对于自我实现的精神幸福，只能提供辅助条件。本文选题来源来自国家级课题《知识经济的可持续发展和量化研究》，并融合了本人在国家级期刊公开发表的论文的观点，最大的创新处在于在中国第一次将幸福纳入到知识经济研究中来，丰富了知识经济的概念，建立了伦理学和经济学的又一道桥梁。本文的不足就是由于幸福在经济学研究中只是一个开始，所以仍面临着许多亟待解决的问题——比如幸福的衡量以及实现更有利于幸福的制度安排应该为何。更多还原

【Abstract】 The industry economy is insustainable both in the subject and the object. In the subject angle,the simplification of the developing dimension leads to the negligence of human himself,which reflects to the psychological condition as anxiety. In the object angle, most of the resources the industry economy reling on are not renewably; besides,the standardized personal occupies conflict with the diversed biosphere.While, according to Leibniz’s continual law, it is impossible to surmount the industry economy, but it may be revised. Using the experience of the developed countries, we found the example of knowledge-based economy. The two thought origin of the knowledge-based economy as economy and sociology has been simplified to the method of economics. Because the fatal flaw of economy measuring tool ,it is regrected that the contemporary economic development has far departed from ethics.The ultimate development objective should be for human himself, while the economical development and the personal development do not always obeys the law of causality. As a result, China’s knowledge-based economy should increase one kind of ideology beyand the usual content, that is the sustainable thought. The human sustainable development shoude keep up with the economical sustainable development. The result of the society progresses should be personalhappiness. Therefore the base of the China’s knowledge economy-not only thebuliding of the survey system but aslo the establishment of the measure system-will rely on that thought.Because happiness simultaneous owns two characteristics as subjectivity and the objectivity, the economy is facing the questions which can be solved and cannot be solved. In the foreword of "Motive And Personality" , Maslow divided the personal needs into three kinds as " material motive","social motive", " spirit motive".So the happiness may also be divided into three kinds correspondingly, named as "matter happiness", "interpersonal happiness", "spirit happines".As the result, the economical developments may realize the matter happiness, and provide the subsidiary conditions to that happiness regarding the self-realization.In the economy and the society, the usual factors influenting happiness are the income, the unemployment, the inflation, the constitution system and the assignment. It is possible to realize a higher rate of incresement, a lower unemployment rate and sustainable environment in such frame in the future . Certainly, because happinessh is only a started study in the economic researc,it is still facing many questions which urgently awaited to be solved. Such as how to weight it? What is the more advantageous system arrangement to realize happiness?This article only offers a few ordinary introductory remarks so that others may offer their more valuable ideas.更多还原