【作者】 马青；

【导师】 胡英坤；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 中美两国作为全球两大经济体，在资源条件、经济结构以及消费水平等要素禀赋方面具有很强的互补性，能够保持良好稳定的经贸关系不仅符合双方的根本利益而且也有利于世界的平稳发展。然而随着近年来中美经贸关系的迅速发展，美国与中国间的贸易逆差也在不断扩大。随着贸易逆差的扩大，两国之间出现了各种贸易摩擦，尤其是中国，已经成为反倾销措施的最大受害国。据世贸组织统计，2000-2004年上半年，中国共遭遇反倾销调查166起，其中，美国是以反倾销为名对中国进行攻击最多的国家，另外美国还通过知识产权保护、配额限制等手段对中国加以限制。中美双方在贸易逆差的规模与成因上存在着较大的意见分歧，美国经济和安全审查委员会在分析这一问题时，还存在着较大的误解。要妥善解决中美贸易不平衡问题，促进中美经贸关系的健康发展，需要消除双方之间的分歧。本文将就中美贸易逆差的规模和成因进行深入研究，并就美方关注和担忧的问题进行必要的澄清和解释，从而使双方都可以客观看待这一问题，缓和中美两国之间的贸易摩擦，促进中美经济贸易关系的健康发展。本文第一部分即第一、二两章，简要回顾了中美贸易的发展，中美贸易不平衡的历史、现状以及中美双方就此问题的争论。第二部分包括三、四两章，分析了贸易逆差的真实规模以及双方的贸易政策，并就美方关注和担忧的问题做出解释与分析。第五、六两章是第三部分，从全球化的角度分析中美贸易不平衡的深层原因及对两国的影响，指出中美贸易不平衡是国际分工下产业转移的结果，贸易逆差并不代表利益损失。第七章是第四部分，概括性地总结全文的主要观点，指出中美贸易不平衡是双边贸易的正常现象，是发展过程中必然产生的问题，并非一朝一夕就能解决的。建议双方用发展的眼光、动态的思维、负责任的态度正确对待当前的贸易不平衡。更多还原

【Abstract】 China and the United States, the largest developing and developed economic entities in the world, are complementary in resources endowments, economic structures and consumption levels. If the most powerful country in the world teams with the world’s most populous and vibrant country, the result will be greater prosperity and stability throughout the world. However, with the rapid growth in Sino-U.S. trade, the bilateral trade imbalance has been deteriorating dramatically and has become an increasingly sensitive issue in China-U.S. relations.As the trade imbalance expanded, kinds of trade disputes have emerged between the two countries. China has especially suffered a lot. World Trade Organization statistics show that China has encountered 248 cases of anti-dumping from 2000 to the end of 2005. Among them, the United States is the country that attacks China the most. It also exerts restrictions on China via means of intellectual property right, quota, etc.U.S and China have large discrepancy on both the scale and the causes of trade imbalance. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission (USCC) obviously have some misunderstandings when they analyze this issue. To resolve Sino-U.S. trade imbalance properly, and promote the healthy development of bilateral economic relationship, we need to clarify those misunderstandings between the two countries.The article tries to figure out the exact scale, causes and the impacts of the Sino-U.S. trade imbalance and leads two sides to view Sino-U.S. trade imbalance in a proper light. The thesis covers four parts. The first part, containing the first two chapters, briefly reviews the development of Sino-U.S. trade, the background and the current argument on the trade imbalance. The second part, with chapter 3 and chapter 4 included, analyses the real number of trade deficit and two sides’ trade policies, clarifying some misunderstandings between two countries. The third part, namely chapter 5 and chapter 6, discusses the causes and impacts of trade imbalance from global perspective, pointing out that the trade imbalance is the result of East Asian industry transfer and does no harm to the trade deficit country. The fourth part, chapter 7, by reviewing the main points of the essay, concludes that Sino-U.S. trade imbalance is not a big deal and the imbalance will exist for a long time. The conclusion of the essay suggests both China and the U.S. view the trade imbalance with dynamic mind and responsible attitude in a long horizon.更多还原