【作者】 张丽；

【导师】 臧素敏；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验研究了小肽营养素对蛋鹌鹑生产性能、营养物质消化率及免疫机能的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计，选择83日龄健康的产蛋朝鲜鹌鹑（龙城系）270只，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每个重复18只鹌鹑。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组在基础日粮中添加0、0.1％、0.3％、0.5％、0.7％的小肽营养素。试验期共计28天，统计各组的生产性能，计算产蛋率、料蛋比、平均蛋重，测定养分消化率，并于试验结束时从各重复中取4只鹌鹑，采血，取脾脏，取小肠的不同部位，观察小肠绒毛高度，以及测定血清中钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、尿素氮、T₃、T₄、IgG、IgM等血液指标。试验结果表明：①蛋鹌鹑日粮中添加小肽营养素可以提高生产性能和经济效益。各试验组的产蛋率和平均蛋重均有所提高，料蛋比有所下降。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组Ⅰ相比，产蛋率分别提高了6.55％（P＜0.05）、7.22％（P＜0.05）、10.04％（P＜0.01）、15.27％（P＜0.01）：平均蛋重分别提高了2.58％（P＞0.05）、6.44％（P＜0.01）、4.97％（P＜0.01）、3.96％（P＜0.05）；料蛋比分别下降了3.37％（P＞0.05）、9.09％（P＜0.05）、11.45％（P＜0.05）、15.82％（P＜0.05）。小肽营养素添加组可以提高经济效益，0.7％添加组效果最好。②蛋鹌鹑日粮中添加小肽营养素可以提高饲料中各养分的消化率。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组比，粗蛋白的消化率分别提高了2.10％（P＞0.05）、8.05％（P＜0.05）、8.40％（P＜0.05）、6.93％（P＞0.05）；脂肪的消化率分别提高了1.60％（P＞0.05）、3.20％（P＜0.05）、12.80％（P＜0.01）、16.00％（P＜0.01）；钙的消化率分别提高了4.11％（P＞0.05）、6.38％（P＜0.05）、15.70％（P＜0.01）、11.41％（P＜0.01）；磷的消化率分别提高了7.02％（P＞0.05）、8.16％（P＞0.05）、10.47％（P＜0.05）、13.10％（P＜0.05）。添加小肽后，降低了血液中的尿素氮，以0.7％下降的最多；增加了血清钙、磷含量，以0.5％添加量效果明显；碱性磷酸酶含量以0.5％的添加量的效果最明显。③蛋鹌鹑日粮中添加小肽营养素对改善蛋品质有一定的作用。0.5％添加组显著提高了蛋白相对重、蛋壳厚度和哈氏单位（P＜0.05），各试验组间蛋形指数和蛋黄相对重差异不显著（P＞0.05）。④蛋鹌鹑日粮中添加小肽营养素可以增加小肠绒毛的高度。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组Ⅰ相比，十二指肠绒毛分别增长了18.82％（P＜0.01）、22.35％（P＜0.01）、23.53％（P＜0.01）、23.94％（P＜0.01）。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组Ⅰ相比，空肠绒毛分别增长了2.70％（P＞0.05）、21.62％（P＜0.01）、37.84％（P＜0.01）、70.27％（P＜0.01）。试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组Ⅰ相比，回肠绒毛分别增长了22.86％（P＜0.01）、46.39％（P＜0.01）、57.82％（P＜0.01）、64.20％（P＜0.01）。其中0.7％添加组的作用最明显。⑤蛋鹌鹑日粮中添加小肽营养素可以增强机体的免疫机能。小肽营养素添加组均能显著提高脾脏指数和IgG含量，均以0.7％添加组提高最明显（P＜0.01）：IgM含量试验组Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组Ⅰ相比，分别提高了7.41％（P＜0.05）、11.11％（P＜0.01）、11.11％（P＜0.01）。对总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、T₃、T₄的含量也有所提高，以0.5％添加组提高最明显。研究表明，在产蛋鹌鹑日粮中添加小肽营养素以0.7％添加量较好，可显著提高生产性能和经济效益。小肽营养素降低料蛋比、提高饲料利用率作用与其可以促进小肠绒毛的高度、增强机体免疫机能有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment was to investigate the effect of mini-peptide on production performance, apparent metabolic rate of nutrients and immune function in laying quails. 270 eighty-three days laying quails（longcheng） were randomly allotted to 5 treatments, each treatment represented by 3 replicates of 18 birds each. Laying quails in treatmentsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤreceived basal diets with the addition of 0, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% mini-peptide The experiment lasted four weeks. The egg production, feed efficiency, average egg weight, feed intake/day and apparent metabolic rate of nutrients were statisticed. The activity of alkaline phosphatase （AKP）、calcium （Ca）、phosphorus （P）、total protein、albium、BUN、T₃、T₄、IgG、IgM were analyzed. The results were as follows:①Laying Quails fed Minic-peptide could increase the production performance and economic efficiency. Compared with the control group, the egg production of groupⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤincreased by 6.55% （P＜0.05）、7.22% （P＜0.05）、10.04% （P＜0.01）、15.27% （P＜0.01）; the egg weight of groupⅡ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤincreased by 2.58% （P＞0.05）、6.44% （P＜0.01）、4.97% （P＜0.01）、3.96% （P＜0.05）; decreased the feed /eggs by 3.37% （P＞0.05）、9.09% （P＜0.05）、11.45% （P＜0.05）、15.82% （P＜0.05）. The trial groups were increase the economic efficiency, and the addition of 0.7% mini-peptide was the best.②Laying Quails fed Minic-peptide could increase the apparent metabolic rate of nutrients. Compared with the control group, the apparent metabolic rate of CP increased by 2.10% （P＞0.05）、8.05% （P＜0.05）、8.40% （P＜0.05）、6.93% （P＞0.05）; the apparent metabolic rate of CF increased by 1.60% （P＞0.05）、3.20% （P＜0.05）、12.80% （P＜0.01）、16.00% （P＜0.01）; the apparent metabolic rate of Ca increased by 4.11% （P＜0.05）、6.38% （P＜0.01）、15.70% （P＜0.01）、11.41% （P＜0.01）; the apparent metabolic rate of P increased by 7.02% （P＞0.05）、8.16% （P＞0.05）、10.47% （P＜0.05）、13.10% （P＜0.05）. The addition of 0.5% Minic-peptide increased the serum Ca and P. The addition of 0.5% Minic-peptide increased the serum AKP. The addition of 0.7% Minic-peptide decreased the UN.③Laying Quails fed Minic-peptide could improve the quality of the eggs. The addition of 0.5% Minic-peptide improved egg protein comparative weight、eggshell thickness and HU significantly （P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences（P＞0.05） in egg-shape index and egg yolk comparative weight between the trial group and the control group.④Laying Quails fed Minic-peptide could increase the height of the small intestine’villus. Compared with the control group, the height of the duodenum’villus increased by 18.82% （P＜0.01）、22.35% （P＜0.01）、23.53% （P＜0.01）、23.94% （P＜0.01）; the height of the jejunum’villus increased by 2.70% （P＞0.05）、21.62% （P＜0.01）、37.84% （P＜0.01）、70.27% （P＜0.01）; the height of the ileum’villus increased by 22.86% （P＜0.01）、46.39% （P＜0.01）、57.82% （P＜0.01）、64.20% （P＜0.01）. ⑤Laying Quails fed Minic-peptide could improve the immune function. The trials all increased immune organs weight of quails and the content of serum IgG and IgM, Compared with the control group, the content of serum IgM of groupⅢ、Ⅳ、Ⅴincreased by 7.41% （P＜0.05）、11.11% （P＜0.01）、11.11% （P＜0.01）. The addition of 0.5% Minic-peptide increased the serum TP and ALB. The trials also decreased BUN, at the same time increased the T3、T4.Conclusion: The addition of 0.7% Minic-peptide can increase the production performance and economic efficiency. The function of Minic-peptide in increased feed efficiency, increasing the feed conversion ratio was related to improve the length of the small intestine’villus and immune function.更多还原