【作者】 戴鸿轶；

【导师】 王明明；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 企业管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)给我国外贸领域带来了巨大的经济损失，对我国相关产业的发展造成了极大的影响。分析表明，有相当一部分技术性贸易壁垒的本质是由化学品，材料问题引发的安全、环保问题，欧盟的“RoHs”禁令是这方面的典型代表。从根本上解决这类技术性贸易壁垒问题必须依靠化工、新材料领域的科技进步，即加强无毒无害绿色替代材料技术的研发。国家重大科技项目是我国实施自主技术创新，提高产业竞争力的重要载体。目前，科技部高新司材料处所立的一类国家科技攻关项目正是以突破欧盟“RoHS”禁令为代表的国外技术性贸易壁垒为目标的，这类项目组织实施管理的好坏将直接影响我国应对技术性贸易壁垒的最终效果。通过文献调研，本文首先分析了技术性贸易壁垒的形成机理，总结了应对技术性贸易壁垒的关键问题；接着，以“突破导向”为引线，分别从立项技术选择、研发过程中的标准化、专利保护和产业化四个方面全面分析了各环节所应具备的特点以及相应的组织实施策略及要求，对应提出了“突破导向”下的四大模式，即“绿色替代技术选择模式”、“研发与标准化的协同模式”、“研发与专利保护的协同模式和密集模式”、“官产学研强化模式”。在总结这四个模式特点的基础上，作者提出，从整体上看，“突破导向”下的科技项目组织实施模式是一种“绿色技术集成模式”。绿色技术集成是作者对新概念的提出做出的尝试。本文对绿色技术集成下了初步的定义，并分析了其内涵，指出了“应对导向”与“自主创新”的辩证关系，提出实施绿色技术集成是以环境和市场双重可持续发展为目标的体现。绿色技术集成理念启示我们，技术性贸易壁垒的应对理念应产生根本性转变。论文最后以“镁项目”和“替代”项目为例做了案例分析，起到对论文研究观点的支撑和验证作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) has brought about tremendous economic losses to foreign trades and serious influence to the correlated industry development in China. Analysis indicates that quite a number of TBTs, among which ROHS is a typical, are caused by issues of safety and environmental protection concerning chemical goods and materials, and such kind of TBT problems are to be fundamentally solved only by S&T progress in chemical and new materials fields in China. That is to say, we have to enhance our R&D of nontoxic and innoxious green new materials if we want to settle down TBT problems. National Key R&D Project is an important implementation of self-reliance innovation and to improve the industry competitiveness. Presently, a kind of National Key R&D Project, set by Hi-tech Bureau of Ministry of Science and Technology of China, is aiming at the breakthrough of TBTs such as "RoHS" by EU. The organizational efficiency and effectiveness of such S&T projects would directly influence the final aim of Breakthrough.Through a literature review concerning TBT, the author in this thesis has concluded the key issues to response to the technical barriers to trade. After that, oriented by TBT breaking, the author has comprehensively analyzed the characteristics and requirements of project organization and implementation from four aspects, i.e. establishment, technical standardization, patent protection and industrialization and put forward four corresponding models, namely "Green Substitution Technology Selection Model", "Cooperation Model of Technical Standardization", "Cooperation and Multi-layer Model of Patent Protection" and "Intensified Model of University-Industry-Government". Based on a conclusion of the four models, the author has then put forward from a more general view that the organization and implementation model of such R&D projects oriented by TBT breaking is a "Green Technology Integration Model".Green Technology Integration is a brand new concept that the author is trying to set. The author in this thesis has given a preliminary definition of green technology integration and analyzed the meaning and connotation of it and pointed out the dialectics of "self-determined orientation" and "coping orientation" and advanced that the implementation of green technology integration is the embodiment of "dual sustainable development principle", i.e. environment and market. The green technology integration concept has also given us an apocalypse that the notion of "Coping Barriers" should be completely discharged.The author in the end of the thesis has given two case studies to support and validate the viewpoints of this thesis.更多还原