【作者】 柴晓娟；

【导师】 储金宇；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究是国家“十五”重大科技专项“镇江水环境质量改善与生态修复技术研究及示范”中的子题“生物在污染控制中的作用”的重要组成部分，对镇江内江水体中微生物功能种群进行生态调查，分析其与环境因子的相关性，并进一步将分离纯化的菌株应用于典型有机污染物的降解研究，以期为生态修复工程实施和管理提供基础数据和理论依据。结果表明：1．通过对镇江内江水体中微生物数量及分布的分析，镇江内江水体中主要微生物功能菌群的数量从内江（4#、5#采样点），北固山湿地（3#、6#采样点）到岸边（1#、2#采样点）随污染程度的增加有增加的趋势。水体中微生物的数量与相应营养盐的含量有一定相关性，异养菌与BOD₅相关性较高（r=0.952），一定程度上反映了水体的污染程度，起到了指示作用；有机磷细菌、无机磷细菌与TP的相关性r分别为0.893、0.865；氨化菌与TN、NH₃-N的相关性r分别为0.921、0.899；硝化菌与NH₃-N的相关性r为0.861。2．试验对2006年1月在1#采样点采集水样培养的有机磷分解菌JD1进行菌体形态、菌落特征观察和生理生化学的研究，为细菌种属的初步鉴定提供依据。通过提取DNA，PCR扩增和测序，并在此基础上进行16S rDNA序列的相似性比较及系统发育研究，结果表明有机磷分解菌JD1与Acinetobacter iunii（琼氏不动杆菌）有较高的同源性，且能与假单胞菌属的一些菌共同构成降解乐果的发育分支。对有机磷分解菌JD1的最适生长条件研究，结果表明：菌株pH耐受极限分别为5.0～5.5和9.0～9.5；其最适pH范围为7.0～7.5；最适装量范围为25～30ml菌株生长量最高时的温度为32℃左右，最适生长温度为：30～35℃。3．琼氏不动杆菌JD1对农药乐果的抗受力较强，在高达500mg／L乐果浓度的培养基中，菌体生长基本不受到抑制。最适生长温度为32℃；最适pH值为7.2左右；装液量为1／5（即150ml的三角瓶装30ml菌液）最佳；采用7％的接种量为最佳。不同初始浓度乐果影响菌株的降解率，所以废水处理应用中（对于高浓度农药废水）应考虑水样的预处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microorganisms play significant role in the energy flow and nutriments recycle in aquatic ecosystem. To study the distribution of physiological groups of bacteria and analyze the correlation between which with the main environment factors can accurately understand the status and role of bacteria in the aquatic ecosystem of Yangtse River.The subject is a crosshead of the function of biology on the control of pollution, that is the sub-issue of environmental improvement、repairing technique and synthetically demonstrating in Zhenjiang water environment. We make a survey of the population distribution of microorganisms in the water body of Yangse River and a study of microorganisms decontaminating organic contamination. These thorough literature、theory analysis and experiment is provided for the zoology repairing technique and supervision. The results show that:1．The distribution of functional groups of microorganisims in the water body of Yangse River were studied. The results showed that The the population of diversified microorganisims from internal river （4#、5#）、Beigushan wetland （3#、6#） to the bank （1#、2#） increase and correlates with the content of correlated nutrient salt in water body. The correlation between heterotrophic bacteria and BOD₅ was 0．952 which reflect the water pollution level and be important indicators of water quality. The correlation between organic phosphorus decomposing bacteria, inorganic phosphorus decomposing bacteria and TP was 0．893, 0．865, respectively. The correlations between ammonifying bacteria and TN, NH₃-N were0．921, 0．899, The correlation between nitrifying bacteria and NH₃-N was 0．861．2．Organic phosphorus decomposing bacteria in the samling water of 1# spot is made bionomics observing and Physiology Biochemistry study on Jan ,2006 in order to providing evidence for identification. Molecular biology identification shows that this bacteria and Acinetobater junii have high homology. l6SrDNA sequence comparability and Molecular Phylogeny was performed based on analysis 16SrDNA sequence of organic phosphorus decomposing bacteria JD1．The result shows that organic phosphorus decomposing bacteria JD1 and some bacteria in Pseudomonas performed phylogenesis of decomposing dimethoate. Tolerant limit to pH severally is 5．0～5．5 and 9．0～9．5．The optimal pH is 7．0～7．5．The optimal time is 30～35℃and be about 32℃when bacterium mass reach the best high.3．Acinetobater junii could resist to dimethoate up to 500mg/L. bacterium growth isn’t restrained .The optimal condition for growth and biodegradation were pH 7．2, temperature 32℃, liquid quantity 1/5, the quantum of inoculation 7%. Different original concentration influence the degradation rate for dimethoate so that waste water pretreatment should be considered in industry application.更多还原