【作者】 杨军；

【导师】 张世庆；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 传感器技术、无线通信技术和计算机技术的进步，推动了无线传感器网络的产生与发展。通常无线传感器网络规模较大，应用集中式拓扑控制算法构建网络拓扑，其能量开销非常大，而应用分布式算法往往不能够保证网络的连通性。因此在保证网络连通性的前提下，研究具有低拓扑构建能耗的可扩展性拓扑控制算法是大规模无线传感器网络应用中急需解决的课题。本文阐述了无线传感器网络的体系结构、特点及其基本知识，在对目前典型的拓扑控制算法原理、性能特点深入分析的基础上，针对大规模无线传感器网络应用特点，提出了高能效可扩展性的拓扑控制算法(ESTC，Efficient and ScalableTopology Control)。运用ESTC拓扑控制算法进行网络拓扑控制分为网络分簇、簇内拓扑控制、簇间拓扑控制三个阶段。采用分簇机制提高扩展性、自适应性和自主性。在簇内拓扑控制和簇间拓扑控制两个阶段，应用功率控制技术建立高能效网络拓扑。通过对算法的消息复杂度进行理论分析，说明ESTC算法构建网络拓扑中交换信息量比集中式算法至少小一个数量级。通过对ESTC拓扑控制算法的发射功率、消息复杂度、能量消耗和节点度等性能指标仿真分析，仿真结果表明：ESTC能够维持全网络的连通性：生成的拓扑中，节点具有较低的发射半径；节点度小于6；ESTC构建拓扑的能量消耗与网络规模成线性关系，扩展性非常好，对大规模无线传感器网络拓扑控制效果特别明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rapid advances in the improvement of sensor, wireless communication and computer science has promoted the production and development of wireless sensor network Wireless sensor networks has commonly property of large scale. The existing centralized topology control algorithm is not proper to large scale sensor networks where much overload is needed. Distributed algorithms, on the other hand, can’t usually guarantee the connectivity of network. So it is essential to design a new topology control algorithm with lower overhead of building topology and scalability while maintaining connectivity of the entire network for the application of large scale sensor networks.In this paper, the structure, the characteristic of sensor network and basic concepts are introduced firstly. Meanwhile, several typical topology control algorithms are analyzed deeply. Based on the study above, we provided an efficient and scalable topology control algorithm (ESTC) used in the large scale wireless sensor networks. The implementation of ESTC consists of cluster formation, intra-cluster topology and inter-cluster topology. Clustered architecture is applied so the network is of expansibility, adaptability and autonomous. Intra-cluster topology and inter-cluster topology are controlled by adjustment of transmit powers of the nodes, which can create an efficient network topology. The message complexity of an implementation of ESTC, namely ESTC-A, is analyzed. ESTC has at least one magnitude less overhead than a centralized algorithm.We simulate the provided algorithm on the effectiveness, message complexity, energy consumption and node degree. The results show that ESTC can preserve global connectivity, lower average transmission range and node degree is no more than six, while the power consumption by building topology is linear to size of network with good scalability, In particular, the advantage of ESTC has been obviously demonstrated in large scale wireless sensor networks.更多还原