独立学院人才培养目标研究

【作者】 张志刚；

【导师】 吴坚；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 教育学原理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 独立学院的前身是上个世纪90年代初开始出现的二级学院。教育部于2003年4月23日颁布了《关于规范并加强普通高校以新的机制和模式试办独立学院管理的若干意见》,作为二级学院管理、规范二级学院办学活动的基本政策。《意见》首次提出了“独立学院”的概念,将其定义为“由普通本科高校按新机制、新模式举办的本科层次的二级学院”。独立学院开始走上一条规范化的发展道路。但伴随着独立学院办学规模的不断扩大和社会影响的日益广泛,其自身存在的问题也渐渐凸显,其中突出的一个问题就是人才培养目标定位问题,主要表现为目标不明或目标模糊、照搬母体高校或重点院校的人才培养目标等。究其原因则既有理论方面的不足,也有制度安排方面的不当,还有自身管理机制方面的欠缺。独立学院人才培养目标的制定,既要立足于理论探讨,更要立足于学校现实。学校人才培养目标的制定还必须遵循现实性原则、针对性原则和发展性原则。独立学院的人才培养目标从层次上讲,包括国家总的培养目标、独立学院这一教育类型总的培养目标、某个独立学院的培养目标和专业层次的培养目标;从构成内容上讲,包括知识、能力和素质三大要素。实现独立学院的人才培养目标,就必须分析制约实现的因素,并针对性地探索实现的路径。制约独立学院人才培养目标实现的因素来自三个层面,即理念层面、制度层面和资源层面。因此,要实现独立学院的人才培养目标,必须重视理念更新,加强师资和管理队伍建设,构建适合创新人才培养需要的教学内容和课程体系,以“能力中心模式”组织教学,强化目标评估、以反馈促改革。更多还原

【Abstract】 The predecessor of independent colleges is secondary college, which emerged at the beginning of the 1990s. On April 23rd, 2003, Ministry of Education issued Several Suggestions on Strengthening and Standardizing Management of University’s Running Independence College under New Systems and Models, which is regarded as the basic policy of standardized administration of running secondary colleges, and in which the term of“independent colleges”is firstly mentioned and defined as“undergraduate-level secondary college run by university under the new systems and models.”From then on, independent colleges have been on the way of standardized development. However, as its scale constantly expands and its social impact increasingly spreads, many problems begin to come up, especially the objective orientation of developing students, for example, unclear or ambiguous objectives, or simple copy of parent university’s or key university’s objectives and so on. Reasons for that are lack of theory research, rational systems, and self-management mechanism.Independent colleges’setting up objective of developing students should be based on not only the theory research but also school practice, and should follow the principles of reality, pertinence, and developmentFrom the perspective of level, independent colleges’objectives of developing students include the national overall objective, independent colleges’overall objective, the objective of a certain independent college and the major objectives; from the perspective of content, the objectives cover knowledge, capacity and quality.To achieve independent colleges’objectives of developing students, it is necessary to analyze the factors which get in the way and to explore pointedly approaches in the process of obtaining them. The factors restricting the objective achieving include three levels, namely, the conceptual level, the institutional level and the level of resources. Therefore, in order to achieve the objectives of independent colleges’developing students, the emphases should be placed on updated ideas and developing teachers and administrators. It is crucial to edit teaching materials and curriculum which meet the needs of developing creative talents, to engage in teaching according to the“competence-centered model”, to strengthen the objective assessment, and to promote the reform by constant feedback.更多还原