【作者】 吴静；

【导师】 丁庆军； 何永佳；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 地聚合物（Geopolymer）是一种以无机[SiO₄]、[AlO₄]四面体为主要组成，结构上具有空间三维网络状键接结构的新型无机硅铝胶凝材料。地聚合物的原材料来源广泛、制备方便、能耗小、基本不排放CO₂，同时具有较高的力学性能和非常优异的耐高温性能。工程应用前景非常广泛，在理论上可丰富、充实、完善无机胶凝材料科学。本文旨在研究新型地聚合物基建筑材料，即以地聚合物为基体，在此基础上通过复合其他矿物掺合料或集料制备出性能优异、具有实际应用价值的建筑材料。本文进行的主要工作及取得的重要成果有：利用经710℃煅烧6h得到的偏高岭土与模数为1.2、波美度为40％的改性水玻璃混合可制备出7d强度达90MPa以上的地聚合物。为降低地聚合物的制造成本，用工业废渣等量取代偏高岭土制备地聚合物，通过抗压强度、XRD、IR和SEM等测试手段对工业废渣地聚合物的晶相组成、结构特征、微观形貌和聚合硬化行为，以及工业废渣对基体地聚合物的影响进行了研究。结果表明，产物中同时存在C-S-H凝胶和地聚合物，能够形成强度较高的硬化体。由于废弃混凝土中所含的石英砂和碳酸盐集料具有潜在的碱活性，将其粉磨至一定粒度之后，等量取代偏高岭土制备地聚合物，可改善纯地聚合物粘度大、凝结时间不易控制、成形性较差等缺点；并且废弃混凝土中的活性SiO₂和碳酸钙与水玻璃反应生成硅凝胶和水合硅酸盐凝胶，未反应的废弃混凝土颗粒填充地聚合物海绵状结构中的孔洞，使硬化体的微观结构更为密实，当取代量高达50％时强度仍然可达50MPa以上。提出了利用地聚合物与陶砂制备地聚合物基轻质耐高温混凝土的技术途径。当陶砂粒径及胶砂比合适时，地聚合物基轻质耐高温混凝土经950℃煅烧后强度损失率不到50％。提出了等厚模型理论，从而建立了在不同陶砂粒径、不同胶砂比之间对地聚合物基混凝土的工作性能、力学性能和耐高温性能进行比较的分析方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Geopolymer is a new generation of alumino-silicates inorganic cementitious materials, whose molecular structure consists of[SiO₄] and [AlO₄] tetrahedra linked alternately by sharing all the oxygens. As compared to Portland cement, geopolymer possesses the following merits: abundant raw materials resources, easy preparation, energy saving, no CO₂ emission, good volume stability, reasonable strength gain in a short time, ultra-excellent durability and high fire resistance and low thermal conductivity. These properties make geopolymer a strong candidate for substituting Portland cement. In addition, investigation into geopolymer can also further develop and rich the discipline of inorganic cementitious materials.Studying new geopolymer-based building materials is the main purpose of this paper, that is, to prepare new building material through compositing other mineral admixture or aggregate production on the geopolymer, which has high performance and practical value.The main work and the important achievements of this paper are listed below.Firstly, determine the best calcined system by testing. The results show that the Metakaolin by 710℃for 6h has higher activity. Adding sodium hydroxide and water in sodium silicate to modify its parameters, when m=1.2, B⁰=40, mixed which with above Metakaolin could gain geopolymer, whose 7d strength is 90MPa, and study its performance, mechanical properties and high temperature properties.Using mineral admixture, such as industrial wastes and waste concrete, contour replace Metakaolin to product geopolymer binder. Compressive strength, XRD, IR and SEM tests were used to study the composition, structure, hydration behavior of mineral admixture-geopolymer binder, and the effects of mineral admixture on the properties of geopolymer, there are products of alkali activated reaction and polymerization reaction in mineral admixture-geopolymer binder, as the system is essentially the composites of cementitious materials and geopolymer. However, because the compositions and activity of various admixtures is different, the geopolymerization hardening mechanism, the composition, structure and properties of end products is different.The technology of preparing geopolymeric lightweight concrete（GLC） using geopolymer and lightweight aggregate, its strength and high temperature resistance at 950℃was tested; The microstructure of interface structure between lightweight aggregate and geopolymer was observed using SEM. In order to compare the properties of GLC, "Equal Thinkness Model" was initially proposed. The result shows that the concrete have some advantages such as high strength, high temperature resistance and lightweight. This kind of concrete can be used to the building having fire hidden danger or working under high temperature.更多还原