【作者】 汪伟；

【导师】 佘名高；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 从2001年敏捷联盟宣言(The Manifesto of the Agile Alliance)提出以来，宣言受到广泛的响应，并展开了进一步的研究，随后产生了一系列的敏捷方法，如：极限编程XP(Extreme Programming)、水晶系列方法(Crystal Method)、功能驱动开发FDD(Feature-Driven Development)、Scrum等。这些方法给传统的软件开发带来了巨大的影响，并且得到了广泛的应用。它们虽然在做法上各有各的不同，但是本质上都是敏捷的。定制软件开发是指根据客户的具体情况，具体要求，设计软件系统，提供相应的服务。定制软件开发有其自身的特点，传统瀑布模型在定制软件的开发中遇到了很大的挑战，出现了许多问题，如需求得不到满足、进度延期等问题。而敏捷方法正是针对这些问题提出的，很适合定制软件开发。我国软件行业有其自身的特点，如规模小、制度不健全等。本文通过分析我国定制软件开发的特点认为，在众多的敏捷方法中水晶系列方法比较适合我国软件行业目前的现状。本文结合中国网络通信集团公司网上营业厅项目，阐述了透明水晶方法在定制软件开发中的应用研究。主要对以下几个方面的问题进行了探讨：(1)介绍敏捷开发的内涵，原则，阐述了目前主要的敏捷开发方法的特点，结合我国软件行业的现状，对各种敏捷方法的优缺点作简要分析。在众多的软件开发方法中找出能很好的适用于我国软件行业的方法—水晶系列方法。(2)分析我国定制软件开发的特点，论述了定制软件开发使用敏捷开发的必要性和优势。结合定制软件开发的特点和水晶系列方法，提出定制软件开发应该根据项目自身的情况采用与之相适应的水晶方法。(3)以网通集团网上营业厅项目为例，说明在定制软件的开发中如何采用Crystal方法。包括人员组织，项目开发两个方面。针对目前在定制软件开发中的问题，重点阐述了在项目开发中的增量开发、需求控制和进度控制。(4)在文章结尾，根据Crystal方法的特点，对定制软件如何采用Crystal方法做了总结，并总结了Crystal方法的优点与其局限性。并对在本文研究中还存在需要改进的地方进行了探讨。这样的工作，对于想要继续尝试研究和Crystal方法的人，或许有一些参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Manifesto of the Agile Alliance proposed at 2001, The manifesto receives the widespread response, and has launched the further research, and has had a series of agile methods such as: XP(Extreme Programming),(Crystal Method), FDD(Feature-Driven Development),Scrum. These methods have brought the huge influence for the traditional software development, and obtained the widespread application. Although they respectively have each difference in the procedure, but essentially all are agile.Ordered software development refers to the designs for the software system which provides the corresponding service for customers’ the special details, the specific request. Ordered software development has its own characteristics, the traditional waterfall model development face very big challenge in the development for ordered software development and had many problems, for example: the demand could not obtain satisfies, the progress postpones and so on. The agile method is precisely proposed in the view of these questions, so it is suitable for the ordered software development.Our country software profession has its own characteristics, for example: the scale of the company is small, the system is not perfect and so on. This article through analyzes our country’s ordered software development’s characteristic to believe that Crystal series method quite suitable our country software profession at present situation in multitudinous agile methods. This article unifies On-line Business Hall project of the China Network Correspondence Company, research the application for Crystal Clear method in the ordered software development. The article mainly carried on the discussion to following questions:(1) Introduce the connotation and the principle of the agile development, elaborated the main agile methods’ characteristic, unifies the present situation of our country’s software profession, make brief analysis to each agile method’s good and bad points. Find out the most suitable method for our country’s software profession is Crystal series method.(2) Analyzes the characteristic of our country’s ordered software development, elaborated the necessity and the superiority of agile method for ordered software development. The union the characteristics of ordered software development and the Crystal series methods, proposed that ordered software development to be supposed to use suitable Crystal method according to the project own situation which adapts with it.(3) Take the on-line business hall project of the China Network Correspondence Company as example, explained how to use the Crystal method in ordered software development. Including the personnel, the project develops two aspects. In view of the problems of the present ordered software development, elaborated with emphasis in increase development, the demand control and the progress control.(4) At the end of the article, according to the characteristics of Crystal method, make the summary to how to use the Crystal method in the ordered software development, and summarized the Crystal method’s merit and the limitation. And some study in this article which also existed needs to improve to carry on the discussion. Such work perhaps has some reference significances for these people who want to continue to attempt the research for the Crystal method.更多还原