【作者】 张爱梅；

【导师】 李申申；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 教育史， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 裴斯泰洛齐(1746—1847)与晏阳初(1893—1990)分别是瑞士和中国教育史上著名的乡村教育理论家和教育实践家。他们伟大的乡村教育思想及教育实践为各自国家,甚至世界的农村教育都做出了巨大的贡献,产生了深刻的影响,因而存在诸多相似之处。但是,如果深入挖掘,我们还是能从他们的乡村教育理论与实践中发现不同之处。本文以裴斯泰洛齐和晏阳初的乡村教育理论与实践为切入点,旨在通过对二者乡村教育理论与实践的比较研究,从历史的视角对农村教育发展中出现的问题进行分析,比如,农村教育观念的转变,农村教育呼唤真诚与责任感等,以期对我国的农村教育改革有所启发。本论文共分四个部分。第一部分对文中出现的概念——“乡村教育”、“平民教育”和“贫民教育”进行了界定。第二部分分别对二者乡村教育理论的基本内涵与实践特征进行总结概括。第三部分着重分析了二者的乡村教育理论与实践的相同点与差异之处。对乡村教育给予关注、相似的理论渊源、相似的教育角色、一致的乡村教育实验宗旨、相同的高尚精神,这是他们的共同特征。二者之间的差异从教育内容到经费筹措的办法,从乡村教育实验的实施范围到实验对象乃至实验的影响,都表现得相当突出。值得注意的是,本论文并没有按此类论文的常规思绪对二者的乡村教育理论与实践异同原因探析进行单列一部分,而是把这些原因,诸如二人所处的政治、经济、文化背景和经历等方面的原因融合在论文中。比较的最终目的是为了借鉴,论文的最后对二者的乡村教育理论与实践对当前农村教育改革的现实意义进行了思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pestalozzi (Johann.Heinrich.Pestalozzi1746—1827)was a great rural educationist and theorist in the history of Swiss. Yan Yangchu (1893—1990) was a great educationist and theorist in the history of our country. Their area education thoughts and practice have had a great influence on the rural education of their own countries and even the world. They had many similar aspects in their theory and practice. However, they also had differences.Through comparing the theory and practice rural education learning of Pestalozzi and Yan Yangchu’s,this article analyzes some problems involved in changing concept of rural education, rural education called up sincere and responsibility,in order to benefit our rural education reform. There are four parts in this study.The first part of the paper probes into the connotation of the conceptions in it, such as‘‘rural area education”,‘‘the poor farmers’ education”;‘‘Mass education’’.The second part of the paper summarized their basic connotations of the theory and practical features of rural area education.On this basis, The third part of the paper analyzes the similarities and differences between these two theories and practice of rural area education. Both of them pay attention to rural area education,similar origins of theory, similar education role, their rural area experiment aim shows no difference, both of them have noble spirit, these are their common features. However, their differences are also obvious in some aspects, for example, subjects of education contents, the methods of raising money for rural area education, executor of rural area education experiment, the significance of rural area education experiment. What we should pay special attention to is the writer didn’t analyze the reason in the routine thinking by polity, economy, culture and experience as a part. but just combine these reasons into this article.To draw lessons is the final aim of comparison,so the last part discussed the significance of Pestalozzi’s and Yan Yangchu’s theory and practical rural area education to the present rural area education reform.更多还原