【作者】 张跃；

【导师】 耿明斋；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 国民经济学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界经济的发展,产业集群的现象出现在世界的各个地区,不管是发达的国家还是落后的地区,产业集群这一独特组织都展现出勃勃生机,推动着所在区域的发展,为所在群内的企业提供着发展的契机和动力。对于处在中部地区的河南省来讲,也存在着大大小小的产业集群。据初步调查,目前河南省已有上亿元规模产业集群三、四十个,达到10亿元规模的也有10家左右,如长垣县的起重机械、上街的阀门和偃师市的钢制办公家具,都是在全国具有优势的集群。但是,对于河南省来说,产业集群规模大多比较小,多属于原生态集群形式,产业集群所处阶段不高。因此研究如何推动河南省产业集群的演化发展,从而更好的带动河南经济的发展,促进企业的进步,具有较强的现实意义。同时,关于产业集群演化机制的研究,国内并不太多,将其用于分析特定省份的研究更是比较少的,因此本文也具有较强的理论意义。本文在回顾产业集群演化机制理论的基础上,从微观角度出发,力图从企业的视野,探讨推动企业进入某个集群或者退出集群的原因,分析产业集群的集聚和离散因素。分别论证了企业专业化分工、交易费用、知识外溢效应对产业集群的影响,以及三者相互作用对产业集群演化的影响,建立了以三者为主要内生变量的河南省产业集群演化机制。并通过此回答了河南省产业集群萌芽的原因,以及在随后的发展过程中,为什么有的产业集群发展势头良好,不断演化升级?而有的产业集群升级缓慢,群内企业不断搬迁最终导致集群趋向衰退甚至消亡?这一系列问题。本文从企业角度入手,运用以交易费用、知识外溢等核心概念的组织经济分析法、并结合博弈方法、典型案例分析法,给出了河南省产业集群的演化机制。本文论文分为五大部分,其结构和主要内容安排如下:第一部分引言。从全世界产业集群普遍发展的现象出发,引出了研究产业集群演化机制这一课题。随后本文阐述了研究的理论意义和现实意义,明确了研究的主要内容、研究方法、结构安排、创新点及不足。第二部分对产业集群演化机制理论综述。回顾了关于产业集群演化机制的相关研究。介绍了传统产业集群演化机制理论和现代产业集群演化机制理论,指出未来研究产业集群演化机制的发展方向。并介绍了相关的五个理论和计量模型。第三部分是产业集群演化发展的组织经济分析。本文沿袭Best(2001)的分析思路,以企业为基本元素,同时本文在Best的研究基础上,加入交易费用这一概念,以专业化分工、交易费用、知识外溢效应为产业集群演化机制的内生变量,分别论证对产业集群发展的影响。并建立产业集群演化机制博弈模型。第四部分是河南省产业集群演化机制实证分析。在第三部分的基础上,结合河南省产业集群的特点,构建相关演化机制模型,分析河南省产业集群发展的内在规律。第五部分是结论和相关政策建议。对本文的主要结论进行了概括,并根据前文分析,对河南省政府在产业集群中所起的作用提供了相关建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the world economy, the phenomenon of industrial clusters has shown in the world. Whether developed or developing countries, the unique organization has demonstrated great vigor, promoted regional development and provide the opportunities to the enterprises in the clusters.As to the henan province, there are also big and small industrial clusters. According to the investigation, there are about forty clusters which are on the scale billion. Reaching one billion yuan scale is 10%.such as changyuan country’s lifting machinery, the shangjie street’s valves and the city of yanshi’s steel office furniture, which have advantages of clusters in the country.Howerer, most size of industrial clusters is relatively small and the stage of industrial clusters is not high. So it is strong practical significance that how to promote evolution of the henan industrial clusters development in order to better promote the economic development of henan and the company’s progress. Meanwhile, in china the researches about evolving mechanism are not many, so the paper also has strong theoretical significance.Based on the reviews of the theory and from the enterprise perspective, the paper want to find the reason why enterprises enter or leave a cluster. It studies how enterprise specialization division, transaction expense, knowledge spillovers impact to the industrial clusters, and establishs evolving mechanism for industrial clusters of henan province with them. And it give the answers to these questions, such as the why do some industrial clusters develop well , but some develop slowly even vinish. The paper from the enterprise perspective, exerting the use of transaction costs, such as knowledge spillovers to the core concept of the economic analysis, game and combining method, and the typical case study method, wants to give henan mechanism of evolution.The paper falls into 5 chapters with structure and main contents listing as the following:As an introduction, chapter one starts from the phenomenon of the common development of industrial clusters in the process of economic globalization, the issue of industrial clusters is introduced. Hereafter, this dissertion illuminates the theoretical value and practical signigicance of this study, and defines the basic thoughts, structure arrangement, the main contents and deficiency.Chapter two is a review of indusrial clusters’s evolving mechanism. After a retrospect of the indusrial clusters’s evolving mechanism, this chapter introduces tradition and modern researches, and points out the future of the research. And it also introduces five main moderns about it.Chapter three is an organization economic analysis of the indusrial clusters’s evolving mechanism. This chapter followes Best (2001) analysis of ideas and adds the concept of transaction expense. It studies how enterprise specialization division, transaction expense, knowledge spillovers impact to the industrial clusters, and establishs evolving mechanism about industrial clusters of henan province with them. Finally, a game model on the indusrial clusters’s evolving mechanism has been set up.Chapter four is an empirical study on henan industrial clusters’s evolving mechanism. According to the third part , based on the industrial cluster in henan characteristics, it constructs a model, and analysize the inherent law an out henan industrial clusters .Chapter five are main findings and policy advices. Which are concluded according to the preamble analysis, and this chapter give fundamental advices and measures to henan government.更多还原