【作者】 周宇鹏；

【导师】 苗放；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，国内环境污染事故频频发生，特别是危险化学品运输、爆炸等引发的突发性环境污染事故给人民的生命财产带来极大的损失，对生态环境构成严重威胁。另外，由于我国环境保护工作起步较晚，处理环境突发性事件的应急指挥中还存在机构设置单一化，法律保障上无法可依，参与主体仅是政府，组织指挥模式不清晰，应急计划不完善，技术系统支持不完备等原因都加剧了污染事故所带来的严重后果。为了发挥政府和社会联动作用，降低污染事故发生所影响的范围，以科学的手段提供智能决策支持和组织统一的应急指挥机制，建立基于空间智能决策支持技术的环境污染事故应急指挥系统变得日益必要和紧迫。空间智能决策支持系统SIDSS(Spatial Intelligent Decision Support System)是在人工智能技术和空间信息技术，结合软件工程和方法学、数据仓库技术、面向对象技术、超文本与超媒体、网络和远程通讯技术、数据挖掘和知识发现等综合技术的产物。作者以环境污染事故应急指挥为基础，从我国应急指挥规范和流程为依据，按照软件工程的思想，通过系统分析、系统设计、系统实现等三个步骤，对空间智能决策支持系统在环境污染事故应急指挥的应用进行了研究与应用。作者利用ArcGIS和．NET平台，以空间智能决策支持系统作为整个系统的控制中心，达到智能分析、决策的目的，从而建立一套功能完备的环境污染事故应急指挥系统。实现了空间数据的管理、处理、分析、建模和显示，应急指挥辅助信息的快速收集、分析和应急指挥方案的智能生成功能，实现了对污染事故的动态模拟、实时监测，实现了对污染源周围的整体分析、科学管理和提高了政府部门和社会群体高效的联动应急保障能力，对解决我国日益下降的环境生态质量和环境污染事故应急指挥决策的科学化、高效化、智能化有着重要的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the domestic environmental pollution accident repeatedly occurred, specially, dangerous chemical transportation, detonation burst and so on the environmental pollution accident brought the enormous loss for people’s life and property, posed the serious threat to the ecological environment. Moreover, because our country environmental protection works start later, in the processing environment burst characteristics event emergency direction also has the organization establishment simplification, in the legal safeguard is unable to be possible to depend on, the participation main body only is the government, the organization direction pattern is not clear, the contingency plan is imperfect, the technical system support is incomplete and so on the reason all intensified the serious consequence which the pollution matter brought. In order to display the government and the social linkage function, reduce scope which the pollution accident occurs affects, provide the intelligent decision support and the organization unified emergency direction mechanism by the science method, establishes changes day by day based on the spatial intelligent decision support technology in environmental pollution accident emergency command system essential and is urgent.SIDSS(Spatial Intelligent Decision Support System)is the comprehensive product of the artificial intelligence technology, the space information technology, unifies synthesis technology, the software engineering, methodology, data warehouse technology, object-oriented technology, hypertext and ultra media, network and long-distance communication technology, data mining, knowledge discovery and so on.The author takes the environmental pollution accident emergency direction as a foundation, from our country emergency direction standard and the flow is the basis, according to the software engineering thought, through the system analysis, the system design, the system realization and so on three steps, has conducted the research and the application to the spatial intelligent decision support program in the environmental pollution accident emergency direction application. The author uses spatial intelligence decision support system took thus the overall system the control center, by the ArcGIS and the .NET platform, to achieve the intelligent analysis, the policy-making goal and to establish a set of function of complete environmental pollution accident emergency command system. It has realized the spatial data management, processing, the analysis, the modeling and the demonstration, the auxiliary information the fast collection and the analysis of emergency directs, emergency directs plan function and so on intelligent production. It has Realized the dynamic simulation of polluted the accident, the real-time monitor. It has realized overall analysis to the source of pollution around, the scientific management and high effective linkage emergency supporting capabilities of government department and social groups. It has the vital significance to solve the problem of environment ecology quality drops day by day and the make pollution accident emergency direction decision to be scientific style, high efficiency and intellectualization.更多还原