【作者】 刘镜；

【导师】 杨正德；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究在调查我省喀斯特地区奶牛小区饲养模式的基础上，研究不同泌乳阶段奶牛能量、蛋白质与钙、磷的需要量平衡模式，为提高奶业生产技术水平，指导和推动贵州奶业的健康发展积累经验和数据。选用健康无病的奶牛36头（其中泌乳盛期、泌乳后期、干奶期各12头）。采用随机单位组设计，根据产奶量、胎次、泌乳期、体重等因素，分别将每个泌乳阶段的12头牛分为试验一组（对照组，采用当地习用日粮饲喂）、试验二组和试验三组（每组4头牛）。其中，试验二组和试验三组进行2×2因子交叉饲养试验。试验牛的日粮由苜蓿、野草、稻草和精料组成，其中一组的能量、蛋白质与钙、磷的供给量按饲养标准的推荐量供给，另一组的供给量是标准推荐量的120％。饲养试验共进行两期，每期正式期为15天，预试期为7天。通过试验研究，得到喀斯特地区奶牛小区饲养能量、蛋白质与钙、磷供应平衡模式：①NER（KJ／d）=1.0866(356 W^0.75×k)+M×（0.4+15×Fat）×3138+ΔW×K₁×3138+r；②CP（g／d）=1.5515(4.6W^0.75×k)+（M×MPR／0.6）／（3／4.6）+K2×ΔW／（3／4.6）+r；③Ca（g／d）=1.6816（6×k×W／100）+M×MCa／（1.28／4.5）+r；④P（g／d）=1.2987（4.5×k×W／100）+M×MP／0.58+r。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to increase production levels of milk industry, pile up experience and data. This study are based on investigation breed pattern of karst area, study on the need of energy and protein and calcium and phosphorus of milk cow in distinct milk stage.36 health diary cows （consist three diary phase, early lactation 12 heads, Late lactation 12 heads and dry period 12 heads） were used in this experiment, the cow of every phase ware divided into three groups by milking, birth time, weight and other factors. All cows are feeding on the same diet consist of alfalfa, weeds, rice straw and concentrated feed. Usual provision was used in Group I; 2×2 factors cross-feeding trial was used in Group II and Group III, the amount of energy, protein, calcium and phosphorus was prepared according to China Feeding Standard of one group was 120% percent of that the other group. Feeding experiment has been run two times, every formal experiment period has 15 days, advanced experiment period has 7 days.Through experiment and research, the result showed that:Balance pattern of energy and protein and calcium and phosphorus of milk cow in Karst area milk cow community:①NER（KJ/d） = 1.0866(356 W^0.75×k)+M×（0.4+15×Fat）×3138+ΔW×K₁×3138+r;②CP（g/d） = 1.5515(4.6W^0.75×k)+（M×MPR/0.6）/（3/4.6）+K2×ΔW/（3/4.6）+r;③Ca（g/d） =1.6816（6×k×w/100）+M×MCa/（1.28/4.5）+r;④P（g/d） = 1.2987（4.5×k×W/100）+M×MP/0.58+r.更多还原