【作者】 陈蔷；

【导师】 杨思聪；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 西方学术界对爱伦·坡(Edgar Allan Poe)的研究已有一个半世纪，很多文学流派将坡的作品纳入他们的理论框架中进行审视研究，由此确定了爱伦·坡在美国乃至世界文学史上的重要地位。国内学术界受以往既定的政治标准和阅读思维定式的影响，对爱伦·坡的小说，在译介和研究上显得非常滞后，还停留在作家作品介绍和文本分析的层面，研究视角大多局限在对坡已经被公认的创作主题和创作技巧的重复探讨上，而没有从史的角度探讨坡作品中展现出的和传统哥特式小说的源流关系。本文将以坡在世界范围内产生影响的小说为研究对象，运用比较文学影响研究和接受研究的方法，从情节题材的选择、审美特征的表现、文体创造的创新意义等方面考察爱伦·坡对哥特式小说的承袭与改造。以彰显它们共同的审美特性及爱伦·坡小说的独特性与价值，目的是为了将坡的作品纳入整个文学体系中而非孤立的研究，从而更好地认识坡的艺术创新和对同时代作家的超越，以明确爱伦·坡在世界文学史上的地位和作用。爱伦·坡是第一个写出真正的哥特式小说精品的美国作家，也是第一个系统而令人信服地阐述哥特式小说理论的作家。他小说的故事情节、人物塑造和文章风格等方面常常是从哥特式小说中直接吸取，用以表达其宇宙哲学观和表现其短篇小说理论。这使得他的小说呈现出和哥特式小说相似的审美特征和接受效果，同时具有了一种对维护现行秩序和规范的主流文学的颠覆性力量。在借鉴吸收传统哥特式小说的基础上，爱伦·坡对其进行了改造发展，创造性的开创了心理分析、侦探小说文学体裁，并开创了美国科幻小说的先河，从而扩张了文学表现的深度和广度，对后世小说从文体、主题、审美等方面产生了极大的启示作用。他吸纳和承传了英国哥特小说对恐怖、痛苦、邪恶心理的展示，使恐怖、怪诞从通俗领域进入了经典殿堂。使哥特式小说这一居于边缘地位，曾经长期得不到应有的重视和研究的文学类型在他的笔下审美特征和艺术内涵均发生了质的飞跃。他以一种远远高于同时代作家的眼光反思知识的力量，表现工业文明对人类的异化。从而使他的作品具有浓郁的现代意义和独特的超前意识，影响了包括波德莱尔、福克纳等大批在现代文学史上具有里程碑意义的作家。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study on Edgar Allan Poe has been lasting for one and a half century in western academia, during which a lot of literary schools take the Poe’ s literature into their theoretical framework for examining research. Thus it has developed Allan Poe’ s status in United States and even in world literature. Influenced by the previous political bias and thinking pattern in reading, scholars in China lags behind in its translation, whose research is still restricted in the introduction of woks and text analysis. And research perspectives are mostly confined to re-discussion of theme and writing skills which has well been established. They do not explore the source relation with the traditional gothic novel manifested in the Poe’ s works from the perspective of history. This thesis will take Poe’ s novel which has worldwide influence as the research object to analyze Poe’ s contribution to continuation and development of gothic novel from the aspects of plot subject choice, embodiment of esthetic characteristics and creative meaning of new style, using the comparative literature influence research and receiving research. It reveals their common esthetic characteristics and uniqueness and value of Poe’ s novel to bring his works into the whole literature system instead of study in isolation so as to better realize Poe’ s artistic innovation and his transcendence of the contemporary writers, confirming his status and impact in world literature.Edgar Allan Poe is the first true American gothic writer and also the first one who elaborates the theory of gothic novel systematically and convincingly. The plot, characterization and style are often drawn directly from the gothic novel to express his universal philosophy and theory of novel. It makes his novel similar with the gothic novel in esthetic characteristics and receiving effect and at the same time has a subversive force to the mainstream literature which maintains the existing order and norm. Edgar Allan Poe creatively develops the gothic novel after learning the traditional gothic novel. He develops the genre of psychological analysis, detective fiction and sets a precedent of American science fiction. It expands the depth and breadth of literary tension and has a revealing impact on the style, theme and esthetics of later works. He has absorbed and inherited the British gothic novel in its presentation of terror, suffering and evil psychology, making the terror and weird from the popular into the classical. It makes the gothic novel, a genre which has long been marginalized and not given the due attention it deserves, changed a lot in its esthetic characteristic and artistic connotation. He transcends the contemporary writers in reflecting the power of knowledge, embodying the alienation of mankind caused by the civilization of industrial. His works have a strong modem meaning and a unique sense of foresight and have influenced lots of prestigious writers in modem literature including Baudelaire and Faulkner.更多还原