【作者】 王英；

【导师】 马俊杰；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】以拟建的乌龙山抽水蓄能电站建设项目为例

【摘要】 建国以来，我国的水电事业已经取得了巨大的成绩，对国民经济的持续快速健康发展起到了极大的促进作用，然而随着人们生态环境保护意识的加强，水电工程对生态环境的负面影响，已越来越受到人们的关注。如何协调水电工程与生态环境的关系，如何对水电工程建设实施全过程生态环境的管理，将是未来较长一段时间内水电工程环境影响评价和环境管理等相关领域关注的重点课题。本文在大量文献及实例研究的基础上，以拟建的乌龙山抽水蓄能电站项目为例，对水电工程陆生生态环境影响评价与生态管理进行了研究，得出以下几方面结论：(1)水电工程生态环境影响评价的目的是要协调水电工程建设与生态环境保护的关系；水电工程生态环境保护措施是实现水电工程建设与生态环境保护协调的有力途径；水电工程生态环境管理体系建设是实施生态环境保护措施的组织保障；以水电工程生态环境评价为基础的生态环境管理体系建设，能够使水电工程生态环境影响评价中提出的生态环境保护措施得到有效落实。(2)水电工程陆生生态环境影响分析与评价是将工程活动叠加于生态环境现状之上，并以生态系统的完整性作为判断标志的交互分析过程，其中土壤、土地利用、野生动植物、植被、土壤侵蚀是水电工程生态环境影响评价的重要内容。(3)水电工程生态环境管理体系包括机构设置、制度建设、责任明确、措施具体等有机组成部分，与水电工程建设生态环境保护措施的阶段性特征相对应，分别制定了包括设计、施工及运行三个阶段的水电工程生态环境管理体系。(4)本文以拟建的乌龙山抽水蓄能电站项目为例，在遥感解译、路线调查、样方调查与专家调查的基础上，分析了评价区陆生生态环境现状特征，进而定量和定性的分析了电站建设对陆生生态环境的影响，为协调工程建设与生态环境保护，提出了相应的生态保护措施，为保证措施的落实，构筑抽水蓄能电站项目的生态环境管理体系，使得项目在设计、施工及运行阶段生态环境保护工作能够更有效地实施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydropower has made a great progress ever since our country has been built up, and promotes rapid-increasing, sustainable and healthy development of national economy effectively. However, with increasing consciousness for ecological protection, the public pay more attention on negative impact caused by hydropower project. So how to coordinate the relationship between hydropower project and ecological environment, and how to manage the whole constructing process of hydropower project, will be key issues of environmental impact assessment and environmental management about hydropower project in the future.On the basis of related document and case stu3dying, this paper takes Wulong mountain pumped storage power project as an example to study the impact assessment and eco-management for terrestrial ecological environment in hydropower project. The main conclusions of this paper are listed below:(1) The aim for eco-environmental impact assessment of hydropower project is to balance construction of hydropower project and eco-environment protection; methods which are drawn up to protect eco-environment and eco-environment management system based on eco-environmental impact assessment ensure coordination between construction of hydropower project with eco-environment protection and implement of measures for eco-environment protection.(2) Taking integrity of eco-system as standard, eco-environment impact analysis and assessment for hydropower project is an interactive process which overlays maps of project on those of present eco-environment. And soil, land use, wild life, vegetation, and erosion are the most important contains in eco-environment impact assessment for hydropower project.(3) Eco-environment management system for hydropower project includes setting up organization, drawing up regulations, clarifying responsibility, specializing measures. And according to different stages of measures for eco-environment protection, eco-environment management system for hydropower project should be divided to three different stages which contain design, construction and operation.(4) Taking Wulong mountain pumped storage power project as example, and basing on interpretation of remote sensing images, examination of routes, investigation of typical area and consultation of experts, this paper first finds out characteristics of terrestrial eco-environment in researching area, and then analyzes the impact causing by construction of hydropower qualitatively and quantitatively. So in order to harmonize construction and eco-environment protection, this paper also proposes countermeasures for problems and establishes eco-management system which can ensure the carrying out countermeasures and make countermeasures work more effectively in different stages of hydropower project.更多还原