【作者】 及二丽；

【导师】 周小红； 王善元；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织材料与纺织品设计， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在低温环境下，通常人们通过多穿几层衣服而增加保暖、抵御严寒。论文基于新型的出汗暖体假人“Walter”，首先比较了织物和服装热舒适性测试方法，然后研究了服装在常温（20℃）和低温（10℃）环境下的热湿传递特性和在低温（10℃）下多层服装的保暖性、透湿性与单层着装的保暖性、透湿性之间的关系，研究结果有助于正确评价服装系统的保暖透湿性能，优化着装设计。本文具体研究内容如下：1平板保暖仪测试织物热阻，出汗暖体假人“Walter”测试服装热阻。二者都具有较好的实验精度。前者在干态条件下测试织物的热阻，后者在模拟人体实际穿着下，测试服装的热阻。平板保暖仪测试的织物及其附面层空气的热阻，低于出汗暖体假人“Walter”测试服装及其附面层空气的热阻。2在评价服装的热湿性能时，通常实验是在常温下进行，和低温下的实际穿着评价具有一定的差异。论文研究了服装系统的隔热、透湿性能和环境温湿度之间的关系。分别在常温（20℃、相对湿度65％）环境下和低温（10℃、相对湿度40％）环境下，利用出汗暖体假人“Walter”测试了不同服装系统的热阻和湿阻并计算出透湿指数。研究结果表明：服装的热阻随环境温、湿度的降低而增加；服装的湿阻随环境温、湿度的降低而降低；服装的透湿指数随环境温、湿度的降低而增加。3利用出汗暖体假人“Walter”测试了各层服装及不同组合在低温（10℃、相对湿度40％）环境下的热阻、湿阻，并研究建立多层服装系统的热阻值与各层服装热阻值算术和之间的关系及多层服装系统的湿阻值与各层服装湿阻值算术和之间的关系。结果表明：服装系统有效热阻R_cle(基本热阻R_cl)小于各层服装有效热阻算术和∑R_clei(基本热阻算术和∑R_cli)，且服装系统有效热阻R_cle(基本热阻R_cl)与各层服装有效热阻算术和∑R_clei(基本热阻算术和∑R_cli)近似线性关系；服装系统有效湿阻R_cle(基本湿阻R_cl)小于各层服装有效湿阻算术和∑R_clei(基本湿阻算术和∑R_cli)，且服装系统有效湿阻R（ecle）(基本湿阻R_ecl)与各层服装有效湿阻算术和R_eclei(基本湿阻算术和R_ecli)近似幂函数关系。研究结果有助于通过各单件服装的已知隔热测试值和透湿测试值预测着装热湿舒适性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to keep warm and resist cold in cold environmental conditions, people used to wear more garments so as to reach thermal comfort. Based on perspiring fabric thermal manikin, an investigation was undertaken to compare the thermal resistance of garments and their fabric. Then the relationship between heat and moisture properties through clothing ensemble and environment is explored. And thermal resistance and moisture resistance through clothing ensemble and each layer clothing are measured under condition of temperature at 10℃and relative humidity at 40%. Its results can be contributed to the evaluation of warm keeping and moisture transfer properties of clothing systems in a correct way so as to optimize the way to dress.The details of this paper are described as follows:At first, an investigation was undertaken to compare the thermal resistance of garments and their fabric from perspiring fabric thermal manikin and guarded hot plate apparatus. The results are shown that the two apparatus have good experimental accuracy. By the measurement of the dry heat loss, guarded hot plate apparatus is used to measure the thermal resistance value of fabrics, while perspiring fabric thermal manikin can measure the garments’ thermal resistance value by simulating the human body. Fabric thermal resistance with the surface air layer resistance included measured by guarded hot plate apparatus is less than total garments’ thermal resistance measured by manikin.Secondly, though many of the previous works have been performed to evaluate the thermal transport properties of cloth, they are all performed in normal temperature, and the results are different in cold climate. In this paper, the relationship between heat and moisture properties through clothing ensemble and environment is explored. Heat and moisture properties through clothing ensemble are measured by perspiring fabric thermal manikin under both conventional climate condition of temperature at 20℃and relative humidity at 65% and cold climate condition of temperature at 10℃and relative humidity at 40%. Moisture permeability index of clothing ensemble is also calculated. The results are shown that thermal resistance of clothing ensemble increases, moisture resistance of clothing ensemble decreases and the moisture permeability index of clothing ensemble increases when temperature and relative humidity decrease. Finally, thermal resistance and moisture resistance through clothing ensemble and each layer clothing are measured by perspiring fabric thermal manikin under condition climate of temperature at 10℃and relative humidity at 40%. It is found that the thermal resistance of a multi-layers clothing ensemble has definite statistical relationship with the thermal resistance of each layer. And it is found that the moisture resistance of a multi-layers clothing ensemble has definite statistical relationship with the moisture resistance of each layer. The results are shown that: effective thermal resistance, and intrinsic thermal resistance of the clothing ensemble are linearly with the arithmetic sums of effective thermal resistance, and intrinsic thermal resistance for each layer; and .effective moisture resistance, and intrinsic moisture resistance of the clothing ensemble are assumed to be the power function of the arithmetic sums of effective moisture resistance, and intrinsic moisture resistance for each layer. This research results can be contributed to the prediction for the thermal comfort of clothing ensembles by knowing the thermal and moisture resistance value of each layers.更多还原