新农村建设中的农村公共产品供给体制研究

【作者】 庾冲；

【导师】 贺永方；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 行政管理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 农业、农村、农民问题是中国的最大问题，而农村公共产品的有效供给是解决“三农”问题的关键，也是建设社会主义新农村的关键。然而，长期以来，在二元经济结构下，我国城乡资源分配极不公平，国家将有限的财力和公共产品大部分投向城市，形成公共产品供给的城市化倾向，结果造成了农村公共产品供给总量不足、结构失衡、效率低下、质量低劣等问题。这些问题已严重制约了我国农村经济社会的发展，影响着我国社会主义和谐社会的构建和社会主义现代化建设的实现。从根本上讲，这些问题根源于我国农村公共产品供给体制改革的滞后与僵化。为此，在建设社会主义新农村的时代背景下，农村公共产品供给问题的解决迫在眉睫，而解决的关键就在于从体制上创新。本文从以下五部分阐明上述观点：第一部分为绪论部分，阐释了本文选题的由来与意义，概括了国内外相关研究状况，介绍了本文的研究方法、内容结构、创新与不足。第二部分为理论分析部分。简要介绍了公共产品理论和农村公共产品理论的主要内容，着重阐述了公共产品的概念、特征和分类，并在此基础上，详细比较了农村公共产品供给的不同模式，提出了多元供给模式具有更大的合理性，从而为全文打下了基础。第三部分在简要分析社会主义新农村的背景、意义、目标和任务的基础上，重点分析了农村公共产品供给现状与社会主义新农村建设目标之间的差距，提出了社会主义新农村对农村公共产品的三方面要求。第四部分深入探讨了目前农村公共产品供给未能达到上述三方面要求的内在原因，指出了其根本原因在于现行农村公共产品供给体制的不完善。这种不完善表现在：城乡二元分割的公共产品供给体制、自上而下的供给决策体制、不完善的公共产品供给监管体制、农村公共产品主体单一和公共产品供给权责划分不尽合理。第五部分就如何重构和完善新农村建设下的农村公共产品供给体制提出了一些设想：建立城乡一体化的公共产品供给体制，建立充分体现农民意愿的公共产品供给决策体制，建立有效的公共产品供给监管体制，建立多中心的公共产品供给主体体制，建立科学合理的政府间公共产品供给权责体制，建立多元化的公共产品供给融资体制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The issues concerning agriculture, countryside and peasants are the largest problems of China, and the effective supply of rural public goods is the key to solve "three agricultural problems", and also is the key to construct socialism new countryside. However, in a long term, the distribution of public goods between urban and rural areas is unfair, and the government pays much attention to the supply of urban public goods, causing the trend—"more public goods in the cities and less public goods in the countryside" .Therefore, it has caused many problems, such as the shortage of rural public goods, the unbalanced supply structure, the low efficiency, the inferior quality. These issues have seriously restricted the development of rural economy and society, and affected the construction of socialist harmonious society and the realization of socialist modernization. The essence of rural public goods supply problem is the problem in public goods supply mechanism. In order to construct socialist new countryside, it is urgent to realize the innovation of rural public goods supplies system. The key to solve the problem lies in system innovation.This paper divides five aspects to expatiate the standpoint: The foreword explains the reason why thesis chooses rural public goods supplies system problem as its research topic and its great significance. It summarizes domestic and foreign research situation, and also introduces its research method, content structure, the innovation and the flaw. The second part is theoretical analysis. It briefly introduces the main theories of public goods and the countryside public goods, comprehensively states the concept, characteristics of public goods and its classification. On such basis, emphatically compares the different models of ruralpublic goods supply, and put forward that multi-supply model is more rational, which lays atheoretical foundation for the full text. The third part briefly analyses the background andsignificance of constructing socialism new countryside and its objective and assignment, and emphatically analyses the disparity between the current situation of rural public goods supply and the objective of constructing socialism new countryside. Furthermore, this part proposesthree requirements of rural public goods supply. The fourth part thoroughly discusses theinherent reasons why present rural public goods are not able to achieve the above threerequirements, and points out imperfection of the supply institution is the ultimate reason. The imperfection of these institutions shows mainly as follows: the unbalanced public goods supply between urban and rural areas, the top-down decision-making mechanism of supply, lacking effective supervision mechanism to rural public goods supply, the sole supplier for rural public goods and the unreasonable dividing of responsibilities of rural public goods supply. The fifth part proposes some suggestions on how to perfect rural public goods supply system under the course of constructing socialist new countryside. They show as follows: constructing the equal public goods supply system for countryside & city and decision-making mechanism that fully embodies peasants’ wishes, establishing effective supervision mechanism to rural public goods supply and multi-body supply system, setting up reasonable dividing of government duties system and multi-financing system in rural public goods.更多还原