【作者】 赵宇；

【导师】 高波；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国高速铁路的不断发展，列车在突入隧道时所诱发的空气动力学问题日益突出。在高速运行的条件下，对隧道技术的要求主要是空气动力学特性方面的。瞬变压力的峰值、压力梯度及出口微气压波是主要影响因素，直接决定列车内乘客的舒适度以及隧道出口的环境问题。因此，为了适应我国高速铁路发展的需要，有必要对隧道空气动力学效应的作用机制和减缓措施进行深入研究。以前的研究已经证明，微压波的大小和压缩波到达隧道出口时的压力梯度大致成正比，所以当前所采用的微压波减缓措施的基本指导原则主要是减小压缩波的压力梯度。采用隧道中的通风竖井来减缓气动效应是一个比较经济而有效的办法，因为这些设施在长大隧道的修建时通常都是必须修建的。所以对于比较长的隧道，完全可以利用隧道修建时已有的竖井、斜井来达到减缓微压波的效果。本文主要从模型试验、理论推导和数值计算方面来分析高速列车通过有竖井的隧道时的流场的变化规律。从理论上初步分析了高速铁路隧道通风竖井影响气动效应的作用机理，进而来研究竖井形状、断面积以及竖井与隧道连接形式对隧道气动效应的影响。通过对不同工况下的数值模拟，试图给出最优的组合形式。通过对不同竖井形状、断面积和连接形式以及他们的不同组合进行的数值模拟分析，得出的最优竖井形状、断面积以及连接形式的结论只有在特定工况下才有意义。隧道长度和列车速度的不同，会使得最优的竖井形状、断面积发生很大变化，另外竖井位置和个数的不同也会对气动效应产生很大的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the high-speed railway, the effects of the aerodynamics become more and more important when train entering a tunnel. Under high-speed running conditions, the requirement for the tunnel mostly is aerodynamics. The transient pressure peak value, the pressure gradient and the export micro pressure wave are the major impact factor, which decide directly the train passengers’ comfortable as well as the tunnel exports environment question. Therefore, In order to meet the need of our country railroad’s development, lucubration of tunnel aerodynamic effect’s mechanism and corresponding alleviation measure is very necessary.Prevenient study have proved that micro pressure wave value is proportional to the pressure gradient which the compression wave arrive the tunnel exports. So the basic golden rule of mitigation measures of micro pressure wave is reduced compression wave pressure gradient. It’s an economic and efficient measure which adopt ventilation shaft to relieve aerodynamic effects, because these facilities usually must be constructed when constructed the large tunnels, so for long tunnels, we can adopt ventilation shaft and inclined shaft which constructed with the tunnel to relieve aerodynamic effects.This article mainly analysis the change rules of flow field when high-speed train crossing the tunnel which have ventilation shaft, Preliminary analysis the mechanism in theory which the high-speed railway tunnel ventilation shaft affects the aerodynamic effects, and to further study the effect of the high-speed railway tunnel shaft shape, area and the linking forms on aerodynamic effects. Trying to give the best composite forms through numerical simulation to different conditions.With the help of the numerical simulations, different shaft shape, area and the linking forms were investigated. The conclusion of the best shaft shape, area and the linking forms is meaningful in a particular context. Different tunnel length and train speed will make the best shaft shape and area changed, otherwise, different shaft position and numbers will also have great impact on the aerodynamic effects.更多还原