【作者】 朱海燕；

【导师】 刘玉华；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 计算机应用， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着无线通信和电子技术的不断进步，由低功耗、多功能的微型传感器节点构成的WSN日益得到人们的关注。它能够通过传感器节点互相协作地实时监测、感知和采集各种监测对象的信息，并对其进行处理，再传送到数据收集者。因此，WSN有较为广泛的应用前景，比如军事应用、环境监测、智能家居等。被美国商业周刊和MIT技术评论在预测未来技术发展的报告中，分别列为21世纪最有影响的21项技术和改变世界的十大技术之一。本文主要探讨了WSN路由协议的设计。由于传感器网络节点数目庞大、单个节点资源有限、以数据为中心，基于局部信息等特点，这就决定了WSN路由协议必须满足能量高效，鲁棒性好和快速收敛等要求。针对WSN路由协议设计的特点，本文将著名的启发式算法——蚂蚁算法引入传感器网络的路由生成算法中，设计出一种新颖的路由生成算法。此外，基于老路由路径信息，提出一种基于已有路由信息的路由修复算法SSRUA。其中，所提出的路由生成算法，充分结合了蚂蚁算法中“人工蚂蚁”基于局部信息，协同工作的优点，并加入了能量、偏转角参数来增加算法的收敛性。算法使用轮盘赌策略选择蚂蚁下一步要达到的节点，通过蚂蚁多次循环最终选择一条从源节点到sink节点的最优路径。通过实验仿真分析，并设置不同参数，最后证明该算法能够快速有效的生成新的路由。提出另一个路由修复算法SSRUA是在AODV、QL、ERUP等协议的基础上引申出来的，该算法有效利用了网络已获取的信息，比如AODV路由生成过程中所产生的sink节点序号，老路由路径上的路由信息等，来进行路由的维护和修复，以此有效减少节点失效时路由修复过程中发送的查询包，从而达到了减少网络能量消耗的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the continuously improvement of wireless communication and electronic technology, wireless sensor networks made of low-cost and multifunctional micro-sensors walk into growing concern. It can monitor, apperceive and gather information of various individuals in monitoring field, by the collaboration of sensors. Then process the gathering data and transmit it to data collector. So, wireless sensor network have broad foreground, such as military affairs application, environment monitoring, smart home system and so on. In the report about future technology forecast of American Business Week and MIT technology comment, wireless sensor network is rank in the most influential twenty-one technology of 21 century and one of ten technologies which change the world.Design of wireless sensor network routing protocol is mainly discussed in this paper. With the characteristics of hugeness nodes, limited individual node’s resources, data centric and route based on local information in wireless sensor network, the routing protocol of it must be energy efficiency, good robustness and rapid astringency. Aimed at the characteristic of wireless sensor network routing design, a new route build algorithm based on ant algorithm which is a famous heuristic algorithm, in addition, a new route repair algorithm is also proposed based on old route path information. The proposed route build algorithm combines the characteristic of "ant agent" work in collaboration based on local information, and adds energy and deflection angle parameter to increase the astringency of algorithm, use roulette strategy to choose the next node ant will go. Through ant circle time after time, an optimal path from source node to sink node is chose. By the experiments and simulation analysis and set different parameters, we prove the algorithm can build route rapidly and efficiently at last. The proposed route repair algorithm SSRUA is induced based on AODV, QL and ERUP. It use the existed information in network, such as sink node sequence numbers produced in the process of use AODV build route, routing information on old route path and so on, to maintain and repair route. So this algorithm can decrease the query data packets transmitted in the process of route repair when node failure, in order to reduce the whole network energy cost.更多还原