启蒙与京派的文学追求

【作者】 孙晓东；

【导师】 朱晓进；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文着眼于京派本身及创作文本，试图从中梳理出较为清晰的启蒙精神，探寻在二十世纪三十年代政治文化语境下京派启蒙政治精神的独特价值及对于京派文学的贡献，尝试从启蒙政治的角度对京派作出较为客观的评价和定位，并对启蒙在中国的命运和现代文学发展的某些规律加以探讨。文章认为，在二十世纪三十年代文坛上，京派并未“疏离时代、远离政治”。京派继承了“五四”启蒙传统，以自由主义知识分子的启蒙政治姿态，艺术地介入时代，试图用文学和道德的力量介入社会历史发展的进程，救亡图存。京派的文学思想因此具有了超然的功利意识和审美道德观念，它们的创作呈现出独特的特征：内容上的世俗化和日常化；乡土诗性观照的反向启蒙；都市人性的道德裁决与心灵诘问；忧郁、寂寞的感伤情调。文章同时认为，京派虽然最终在战火中难逃衰落的历史宿命，但是因为有了它的存在及启蒙追求，使得京派文学成了二十世纪二十年代启蒙文学和四十年代带有启蒙意味的救亡文学中间不可或缺的一环。对京派启蒙政治追求和文学创作特征的分析，有助于我们认识三十年代非左翼文学发展的某些规律，进而也对我们理解和解释二十世纪八十年代特定政治环境下，启蒙思潮再次涌起时文学的特点和命运，提供有益启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper focuses on the Beijing School in literature and its writings, trying to trace its clear enlightening track and the particular value of its enlightenment in the political and cultural context as well as its contribution to literature. Therefore, this paper tries to make an objective evaluation and location of this school, exploring the destination of enlightenment in China and the characteristics of development of Chinese modern literature.The author argues that Beijing School of Literature is not alienated from the society or dissociated from politics, for within the literary circle during 1920’s and 1930’s, writers of this school, with the enlightening political stance of liberalist intellectuals, inherited May Fourth tradition and involved in the time in an artistic way, saving the nation from subjugation. Therefore, with transcendent utilitarianism and aesthetic morality about their literary thoughts of this school, their writings present unique characteristics, which can be seen as follow: Vulgarization and trivialization in contents; Reverse enlightenment through local poetic reflection; Moral judge of metropolitan humanities and the enquiring of human inner world; Sentiments of melancholy and loneliness. The paper also holds that although this literary school unavoidably disappeared because of the flames of war, yet its existence and its enlightening pursue makes it an indispensable ring connecting Chinese modern literature in the 1920’s and literature in the 1940’s. An analysis of the enlightening political pursue and the characteristics of its writings is beneficial for us to understand the traits of development of left-wing literature in the 1930’s; furthermore, it is also thought-provoking for us to have better understanding the enlightenment sprouted in the 1980’s and the literature of this period on a new political background.更多还原