无线传感器网络密钥管理方案的研究

【作者】 严军；

【导师】 徐红兵；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 模式识别与智能系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着传感器技术、无线通信技术和数据处理技术的迅猛发展，已经出现了集这三种技术为一体的传感器器件。大量具有无线通信、传感、数据处理能力的传感器节点以自组织方式组成的无线网络，能够协作地感知、采集和处理网络覆盖的地理区域中感知对象的信息，并发布给观察者。无线传感器网络技术将是21世纪最有发展前景的技术之一。无线传感器网络在很多应用下有较高的安全要求，如军事领域、商业领域，然而，由于无线传感器节点本身硬件能力的一些限制，导致了现在成熟的安全技术方案不能直接应用于无线传感器网络之中，因此，安全问题成为无线传感器网络研究的一个重要方面。本文将要讨论的是无线传感器网络部署在指定区域后，如何建立安全的网络，及维护网络安全的方案，这个过程有赖于密钥管理技术的大量使用，故而又称此过程为密钥管理方案。本文回顾了无线传感器网络的发展历程，介绍了无线传感器网络的应用场合以及发展前景，并且总结了现有的无线传感器网络的网络架构以及现在面临的技术难点和挑战。对现有的无线传感器网络面临的安全问题和目前存在的各种密钥管理方案进行了简单的对比和分析，并特别针对预分配密钥方案的安全性能和链接性能进行了简单的介绍。相对于现有的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案，本文对基本的Eschcnauer-Gligor方案进行了分析和仿真，并在原方案基础上，针对安全性能、数据源认证的不足，提出了一种基于随机互斥机制的密钥管理方案(Eschenauer-Gligor-based Mutex Strategy Key Management Scheme)，简称MSEG。并建立工程仿真模型进行了安全性能和链接性能的仿真。通过对几种基于随机密钥预分配方案的分析，结合工程仿真结果，相对于已有的几种无线传感器网络密钥管理方案，MSEG方案具备更好的安全性能和抗攻击性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the technology of sensor, wireless communication and data processing, more and more devices integrating sensor, communication and processing have been invented and manufactured. Thus, Wireless Sensor Network consisting of lots of sensor nodes came into being and had been applied in a lot of scenarios and situations. In many situations, WSN needs high security, for instance, in military and business fields. However, due to the limited hardware capabilities of sensor nodes, mature security schemes can not be directly applied to WSN, for this reason, lots of efforts need to be spent on security issues of WSN.In this paper we try to discuss how to form and keep a safe guard using keying technology after the WSN is deployed. And this is usually called key management scheme. In this paper we gave a summary of the history of Wireless Sensor Network. Then some applications of Wireless Sensor Network and structure of the network were covered. Then, we had listed the technical difficulties and challenges of the network in the future. We listed the security problems of Wireless Sensor Network and gave the classification of the key management scheme. At the same time we had listed and made comparison of several kinds of existing scheme. After that, we abstracted the features and characteristics of key management schemes for Wireless Sensor Network.We analyzed the Eschenauer-Gligor scheme and did some simulation of security and link performance, and then we gave the MSEG scheme (EG-based Mutex Strategy Key Management Scheme) and build a simulation model. From the analysis of these key management scheme and the simulation results, we can conclude that the MSEG key management scheme is good at security, anti-attack performance.更多还原