【作者】 孙晶；

【导师】 薛林福；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 数字地质科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 沉积相是在一定的古地理环境中所形成的岩石组合。在进行传统的沉积相的研究时,通常是先根据露头、岩心、构造、层理、生物化石遗迹、粒度分析、录井岩屑等资料,确定沉积相和沉积亚相的类型,然后再根据井的资料来确定沉积微相,最终再用人工的方法,将这些沉积相、沉积微相的类型标注到平面图上,形成最终的沉积相的模式图。然而随着勘探区域的扩大,测井资料的丰富,生产上需要对每一口井都准确快速地划分出沉积微相,并做出相应的平面相,而此时,人工进行沉积相分析显然无法满足油田生产建设的需要。此时就迫切需要研究一种方法,使计算机能够辅助或代替人工的工作,自动根据已知单井沉积相的类型而自动进行平面沉积相的研究。本文中作者采用了GIS中的两种空间分析方法,即缓冲区分析和叠加分析,对空间上已知沉积相类型的井进行分析,最终做到用计算机成图。通过将这种方法应用到大港油田孔南地区孔二段时期的沉积相研究中,可以发现此方法是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sedimentary facies are the combinations of rock formed in certain palaeogeographic environment. In the traditional research of sedimentary facies, usually under the crops, cores, construction, bedding, the fossil remains, particle size analysis, logging debris and other information to determine the sedimentary facies, and then basing wells information to determine microfacies, and tagging these sedimentary facies and microfacies on the plan. The ultimate formation of the sedimentary facies model plans. This method of sedimentary facies analysis is not only time-consuming and laborious, but its shape to a large extent by the effect of artificially.With the development of computer technology, people consider the use of computer technology to solve the single well sedimentary facies identification, so that not only save a lot of time, but can exclude certain effect of artificially.Single Well computer analysis of the sedimentary facies have some relatively mature methods, for example, the expert system method and neural network method. However, these sedimentary facies analysis method is faster in the identification of sedimentary facies, it does not take into account the spatial distribution relations of wells in oilfield, and the sedimentary facies of the division had not better approach.In this paper, the author use two methods of spatial analysis in GIS, which are buffer zone analysis and overlay analysis. Analyzing the known sedimentary facies types of wells with buffer analysis and establishing the distribution of sedimentary facies boundaries through the use of different buffer radius. And set up a fan-shaped sedimentary facies, sheet sedimentary facies and banded sedimentary facies model of the buffer zone which can be applied to future plans of the sedimentary facies mapping work.The steps of this method are:⑴Considering different forms parts of a sedimentary facies,buffering every parts using different buffer radius and then every parts of the buffer regions formed;⑵Stacking different parts of buffer zone according to thesedimentary sequence, and considering banded sedimentary facies coverage in fan sedimentary facies, fan-shaped sedimentary facies cover sheet in the sedimentary facies. Eventually, all the buffer zones will stack together form a planar map is a complete plan of sedimentary facies.The sedimentary facies analysis method based on the spatial information can achieve the following functions:⑴The correction of sedimentary facies between wells, including sedimentary facies bound test, verification and correction of single well and inter-wells;⑵Spatial distribution analysis of sedimentary facies, including the inter-well and unknown region of sedimentary facies analysis and forecast palaeogeographic environment;⑶Establishing of regional sedimentary facies distribution plane with the sedimentary facies analysis, and forecasting the favorable regions of litho-stratigraphic reservoir.Analyzing the sedimentary facies of Kong 2 Member in Kongnan area with this method and map out a plan of of Kong 2 Member which have certain similarity compared to the sedimentary facies map made by the artificial in general trend and distribution. However, the use of spatial analysis methods of sedimentary facies plan and the artificial method of deposition phase diagram there are differences:⑴Rivers elongation generated by the artificial is better than which made by the Computer method. This was mainly attributable to the computer needs strict implementation of whether the two wells connected by the river, while artificial methods have greater flexibility;⑵Maps generated by the Computer method and by the artificial have some difference in the connection of river.⑶Sand sheet distribution in computer-generated map is strictly accordance with the scope of neighborhood wells buffer forecast while the drawing of sand sheet body with greater distribution of randomness.更多还原