【作者】 张斯雯；

【导师】 李平亚；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 药物化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 毛酸浆Physalis pubescens L.为茄科Solanaceae酸浆属Physalis L.植物,该植物全世界约120种,大多数分布于美洲热带及温带地区,我国有5种2变种,全都具有药用价值,其中酸浆P.aLKEKENgi L.francheti(Makino)和毛酸浆P.pubesCenS L.更是常用的中草药。《神农本草经》最早收录,并列为中品。具有除烦热,清利咽喉等功效。清代赵学敏《本草目录拾遗》中云:“……性寒,治咽喉肿如神”。《中华人民共和国药典》各版均收载了酸浆的干燥宿存萼或带果实的宿存萼作为锦灯笼药用,性味苦寒,归肺经,清热解毒,利咽,化痰,利尿。咽痛音哑,痰热咳嗽,小便不利;外治天泡疮,湿疹。天然药物化学研究表明,酸浆含有physalins,类特征性成分。现代药理学研究表明酸浆具有抗炎,抗菌,抗癌等活性。其抗炎机理可能是抑制PMN氧自由基的产生和释放而发挥作用。徐国钧主编的《中国药材学》中记载了毛酸浆的带萼果实作为灯笼草药用。这两种药用植物分布广泛,资源非常丰富,均有多年的栽培经验,酸浆与毛酸浆为药食两用植物,其果实酸甜可口,营养丰富,为人民大众所喜爱,而且对酸浆治疗咽喉肿痛的疗效有口皆碑。以酸浆为代表的酸浆属药用植物有很大的丌发价值。多年来科研工作者对酸浆进行了一系列的研究,对于它的化学成分,药理活性等均有了一定深度的了解,而对于毛酸浆研究非常少,本实验主要以毛酸浆为原料,进行了化学提取、分离、鉴定等系统的基础性研究:并对毛酸浆总提物在利尿和治疗肾盂肾炎方面的药理活性方面进行初步探讨,为毛酸浆的充分开发利用提供了科学依据,奠定了坚实的理论基础。本文主要对毛酸浆Physalis pubescens L.做了以下几方面的工作:1.综述了毛酸浆的化学成分、生物活性研究及临床应用的研究概况。2.化学成分研究:利用柱层析、萃取、重结晶等化学和物理方法,从海星中分离得到9个单体化合物,依据理化性质、光谱学分析和化学方法,确定了其中6个单体化合物的结构,分别为:α一丁氧基一丙烯醛(I)、Phyali n P(II)、胡萝卜苷(III)、丙基环己六醇(Ⅳ)、β-D一吡哺葡萄糖-(1-2)-β-D一吡喃葡萄糖一(1-2)-α-D-吡喃葡萄基2,4一二异戊氧基苄苷,命名为毛酸浆苷(V)、3一丙氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛(Ⅵ),化合物I一Ⅵ均首次从该植物中得到,其中化合物(V)为首次发现的新化合物。同时得到脂溶油状物l。3.首次对毛酸浆乙醇提取物利尿和抗炎活性试验关键词:毛酸浆Physalis pubescens L.利尿急性肾盂肾炎抗炎a-丁氧基一丙烯醛Physalin P胡萝卜苷丙基环己六醇β-D一吡喃葡萄糖一(1-2)一β-D一吡喃葡萄糖一(1-2)-α-D一吡喃葡萄基2,4一二异戊氧基苄苷毛酸浆苷3一丙氧基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the chemical compositions and diuresis activities and anti-inflammation of the fruit of Physalis pubescens L.（FPP）, distributed in northeast of China, were studied.The fever-relieving and stop bleeding effects of Physalis pubescens L. were reported in the past years. FPP was used in curing sore-throat, parotitis, urine-blood, et al.The flavor of the FPP is delicious. FPP contains abundant of vitaminC,β-cartene and more than 20 kinds of mineral such as Ca²⁺ and Fe³⁺,ect.. The content of Ca²⁺ in FPP is 73.3 times as much as in tomato and 13.8 times as much as in carrot. FPP includes 18 kinds of essential amino acids for human body, which are 31 percent of total amino acids in FPP, moreover, the E/T value of total amino acids is higher than other daily fruits. So, FPP is not only delicious food but also full of nutrition, which was made into fruit juice, wine, preserved fruit, tins and so on. In addition, the expanded calyces may used as medicine for relieving cough、fever,reduce phlegm,diuresis,et al.It was reported that many kinds of compounds, such as steroide,alkaloids,amino acids,terpenoid and flavonoid, were obtained and identified from Physalis plants. But little studies were carried on about FPP, so we studied systematicly the chemical compositions and pharmaco- logical activities of FPP in this paper.Fresh FPP（20kg） were dipped in 85% alcohol which was 3 times volume as much as the weight of FPP after smashed and extracted for 3 times for 48h,24h,24h every time, the extract was then put together and filtrated. The combined extract were concentrated in vacuo until no-alcohol, then 95% alcohol were added into it and adjust the alcohol concentration to 75%,the upper solvent were concentrated in vacuo after 24h and got the total extract（46g）,Which were extract further by CHCl3,EtOAc,n-BtOH successively to obtained the CHCl3 part,EtOAc part,n-BtOH part and H2O part respectively. By using silica gel column chromat ography,TLC and recrystallizing methods 9 compounds were obtained from CHCl3 part and EtOAc part. Among of them, six compounds′structures were identified with the physical and chemical characters and spectroscopic evidence（1HNMR,13CNMR,2DNMR）:α-butyloxy-acraledhyde （Ⅰ） ; Physalin P（Ⅱ）; Dauricine（Ⅲ）; Propylinositol （Ⅳ）;β-D-glucose- （ 1-2 ） -β-D-glucose-（ 1-2） -α-D-glucose-2,4–diisopentyl- oxybenoside （Ⅴ）; 3-propyloxy-4methyloxy- ben- zaldehyde （Ⅵ）.The experiment also studied the diuresis and anti-inflammation activities of FPP’s EtOH extract. In diuresis experiment, the results showed that the FPP’s EtOH extract appeared the diuretic effect on water-loaded rats. In anti-inflammation experiment, FPP’s EtOH extract showed the therapy action on APN.To sum up, this paper supplied the scientific evidences for the further research and development of fruit of Physalis pubescens L..更多还原