【作者】 郑祥云；

【导师】 周晖；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电网规模的不断扩大，母线故障对电气设备的损害及对电网稳定运行的危害也日益严重，因而对母线保护的要求也越来越高。目前微机母线保护虽然已取得了丰硕成果，但是仍存在着许多不足，需要进一步完善和发展。所以设计一种快速、灵敏、可靠的微机母线保护不但可以创造很大经济效益，而且对促进微机母线保护的发展具有重要意义。论文首先介绍了母线保护对电网可靠运行的重要性、母线保护装置的发展历程及现状、微机母线保护装置研究的焦点问题，在此基础上确定了本文所要做的主要工作；对母线保护的基本原理作了分析和对比，研究了微机母线保护的主要算法，即采样值电流差动算法和基于故障分量的采样值电流差动算法，在此基础上确定了适用于本装置的最佳方案，即以分相采样值比率差动与故障分量采样值比率差动相结合的电流差动保护方案。文章的第二部分对微机母线保护的两个焦点问题，即抗电流互感器饱和和母线运行方式自适应问题进行了探讨。在分析电流互感器饱和机理以及现有抗饱和方案的优缺点的基础上，提出了一种基于差动电流波形特征的抗饱和新方案，该方案能够可靠地识别母线区外故障电流互感器饱和造成的差动误动，并能在母线转换性故障时快速地开放差动保护；在分析现有自适应方案的基础上，确定了本文所采用的自适应方案：以隔离开关辅助接点为主，以各单元负荷电流的计算来校验隔离开关辅助接点的正确性并自动纠正其错误，该方法较为完善地解决了微机母线保护的运行方式自适应问题。文章第三部分介绍了本课题设计的母线保护试验样机的总体概况，论述了该样机的硬件实现思路，软件功能配置；对各功能模块以模块化设计为主导思想，分层分块进行了程序设计；给出了各个功能模块的程序框图以及主程序、中断服务子程序、差动保护的程序流程图，对程序的有效性进行了验证。最后对论文展开的工作进行总结，并对今后工作予以展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous enlargement of the scale of power network, the damage of bus-bar fault to electric devices and system stabilization become increasingly serious, so that the deeper reasearch for bus-bar protection device becomes necessary than ever before. The digital bus-bar protection has gained great achievement at present, meanwhile, some defects still existed. and therefore, further developments is required. To design a sort of digital bus-bar protector with rapidity, sensitivity, reliability can get enormous economic benefits and accelerate its development, so developing the research on digital bus-bar protection device is a valuable workIn the first part of this paper, introduce the importance of busbar protection for power grid, the development history and progress of busbar protection and some hot issues which would affect the performance of busbar protection. Based on above discussed, the main content of the paper is determined. By analyzing and comparing the fundamental principles as well as studying on the main algorithm of the busbar protection, we established a combined solution scheme for the differential current protection, i.e. That is divided phase percentage differential protection by using sampled value and fault component sampled value.In the second part of the paper, the main research work is focused on two key problems: anti-TA saturation and self-adaptive to operation mode. Based on the understanding of current transformer saturation mechanism, comparing the merit and demerit of present anti-TA saturation schemes, we proposes a new scheme of anti-TA saturation, which is employed the character of differential current waveform,this method can discriminate the TA saturation reliability in the case of external fault and opening busbar protection under evolved fault condition. Based on analyzing about existed self-adaptation schemes, select the optimal scheme for this protector, it is ideal for bus-bar protection to get the isolator auxiliary contact as dominant factor, the current criterion is used to verify the state of isolator auxiliary contact and rectify the errors automatically. This scheme would increase the reliability for bus-bar protection.In the third part of the paper, introduct the overall designs of software and hardware about the experimental facility. Dissertate the hardware design considerations ,compositive segments and characteristics.Software realizes program development using modular design method.The program frame of every function module, the main program, interrupt serve subprogram and differential protection subprogram flowcharting of the busbar protection were designed detailedly.In the last part, not only all of the research work accomplished in this thesis is summarized, future improvement is pointed out as well.更多还原