阈下恐惧启动与成人依恋对象心理表征通达性的关系

【作者】 杨叶；

【导师】 王争艳；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自1987年Hazan和Shaver把依恋理论应用到成人婚恋关系中以来，成人依恋研究便成为依恋领域中相当重要的一部分。但是，由于成人的行为更加复杂和隐蔽，成人依恋的研究比婴幼儿依恋更加复杂，因此，使用适合于成人心理机制研究的实验方法将会更加有效。本研究使用社会认知研究方法——词汇抉择任务实验范式对依恋理论的基本假设之一进行了验证，考察了成人期“生理或心理的恐惧(例如：见到曾经伤害过自己的人的面孔；依恋对象的离开)会自动地激活依恋系统”的意识活动。以首都师范大学教科院心理系辅修专业40名大学生为被试(男性10名，女性30名)，对阈下恐惧启动与成人依恋对象表征的通达性进行研究，并考察了依恋风格对表征通达性的影响。结果表明：(1)阈下恐惧启动显著增加了个体对依恋对象表征的通达性，并且只增加对依恋对象表征的通达性，没有增加对其他对象表征的通达性。说明依恋对象仍然是成人个体在遇到危险或威胁的时候寻求安全感或得到安慰的资源；(2)依恋焦虑能够预测对依恋对象快的反应时，依恋回避不能预测慢的反应时；(3)特质焦虑与依恋焦虑和依恋回避有较高的相关关系，但特质焦虑对依恋对象的通达性没有影响。与特质焦虑不同，依恋焦虑是特殊的关系焦虑维度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Hazan and Shaver spred the attachment theory into adult romantic relationship research, there have been great development in adult attachment. But it seemed more complicated and obscure of adults’ attachment behavior than chidren’s. So labrotory studies will be more effective in adult psycho-mechanism studies.In this research, we examined one of the basic assumption of attachment theory that physical or psychological threats (e.g., the appearance of a predator, the departure of an attachment figure) automatically activate the attachment system through a social cognitive research.. Through a lexical decision task which took 40 minor students(male: 10, female: 30) of capital normal university as subjects, we tested how subconscious threat influenced the accessbility of adults’ the activation of representations of attachment figures, and how attachment style influenced the accessbility. The result demmonstrated that:(1) Threat primes led to increased accessibility of representations of attachment figures. This effect was specific to attachment figures.(2) The stabilities and validities of the Chinese version of ECR-R seemed better than ECR and AAS. Attachment anxiety heightened accessibility of representations of attachment figures even in neutral contexts, whereas attachment avoidance had no effect on the react time of the lexical task.(3) Although trait anxiety had close relation with attachment anxiety and had middle relation with attachment avoidence, it had no effect on the react time of the lexical decision task, which further testified the unique function of attchment system.更多还原