基于空间认知的北京城市空间参考框架的LBS应用研究

【作者】 张洁；

【导师】 张晶；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 空间关系是GIS的重要理论问题之一，而作为空间关系重要组成部分的空间参考框架是研究空间方位关系，确立地理实体空间位置、进行定性推理和路径寻找的重要基础。近些年来，将认知科学与地理信息科学相融合，形成对地理空间认知(Geo-Spatial Cognition)的研究，已得到国内外GIS界的广泛共识。LBS(Location-Based Service)是空间信息服务的重要组成部分，可以为用户提供定位导航服务，被誉为继短信之后的又一个杀手级应用(Killer App)，同时也是GIS重要的应用领域之一。鉴于以上原因，本研究将在空间认知科学理论和方法的基础上，基于十二个方向的坐标系统模型，从北京城市布局出发，研究具有针对性的城市空间参考框架并将其用于具体的LBS应用中，为北京城市内部处所的定位和寻路导航提供一种全新的理念和技术手段。本文首先介绍了北京城市空间参考框架，包括空间参考框架的提出、组成；接着从地理空间认知的角度，利用认知心理实验对其认知合理性进行了检验；然后对LBS的发展现状进行综述，着重对定位导航服务结果中存在的问题进行总结，并介绍如何将北京城市空间参考框架应用其中，解决目前定位导航中存在的问题；最后一部分为基于北京城市空间参考框架的定位导航系统的实现以及对相关研究的结论与展望。本文着重解决了以下问题：(1)从地理空间认知的角度对提出的具有针对性的城市空间参考框架模型的认知合理性和应用可行性进行了验证；(2)通过相关调查分析，对目前定位导航服务中存在的问题进行了总结，并结合主成分分析等数学方法提出了基于北京城市空间参考框架的解决方案；(3)基于以上理论成果，以分布在五环路内的高校为例，按照面向对象的编程思想设计了基于北京城市空间参考框架的定位导航系统，并对系统分析结果的可行性进行了验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spatial relation is one of the important basic theory issues of Geographic Information Science (GIScience). Spatial reference frame is a very important part of spatial relation. It is the base of studying spatial relation, locating the positions of geographic entities and way-finding. In recent years, many GIS scholars have integrated cognitive science with GIScience and then formed a new study field of Geo-Spatial Cognition. LBS (Location-Based Service) is an important component of spatial information services. LBS is able to provide users with location and navigation services and It’s also known as the following killer application. Due to the above reasons, based on the cognitive science and the coordinate system model of 12 orientations, from the layout of Beijing, this paper researched on a targeted urban spatial reference frame and used it in LBS. This study can provide a new method for locating and navigating in Beijing.Firstly, this paper introduced the urban spatial reference frame of Beijing, included the proposition and composition of the new reference frame and how to express geographic entities in it. Then, from the perspective of Geo-Spatial Cognition, I used cognitive experiments to test the cognitive plausibility of the new reference frame. Thirdly, I overviewed the development of LBS, summarized the current problems in it and introduced how to use the urban spatial reference frame of Beijing to solve these problems. Fourthly, we designed a system based on the spatial reference frame of Beijing using C# and ArcObject by ESRI. At last, It’s the conclusion and future prospection.This paper focus on solving the following problems: (1) From the cognition perspective, I introduce a new kind of spatial reference frame based on the layout of Beijing and validate its cognitive plausibility by two psychological experiments. (2) Based on the relevant analyses and investigations, I summarized the problems in today’s LBS and introduce how to solve these problems by using spatial reference frame of Beijing. (3) Based on the above theories, we designed a system based on the spatial reference frame of Beijing using C# and ArcObject by ESRI and test the plausibility of query results.更多还原