铁闪锌矿的活化与磁黄铁矿的抑制机理试验研究

【作者】 饶峰；

【导师】 童雄；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 铁闪锌矿的活化以及铁闪锌矿与磁黄铁矿的分离是目前多金属硫化矿分离的难题之一。云南文山都龙高铁闪锌矿中含铁高达20％以上，且有价金属共伴生关系复杂，选矿难度大，研究其铁闪锌矿的活化与磁黄铁矿的抑制具有重大的意义。都龙超高铁闪锌矿的浮选分离在这一选矿热点中具有很强的代表性，其铁闪锌矿矿石中含铁高、与磁黄铁矿伴生复杂、且原矿中含有多种有价金属与伴生稀贵金属。针对目前选矿界的热点与文山铁闪锌矿和磁黄铁矿共伴生的具体特性，本次试验着重从以下几方面进行研究。进行了高铁闪锌矿单矿物浮选试验研究。研究结果表明：铁闪锌矿的天然可浮性很差，不能用单一捕收剂浮选高铁闪锌矿；铵盐、Pb²⁺、hg⁺和硫酸铜等传统铁闪锌矿的活化剂的活化作用并不明显，而新型活化剂X-41对高铁闪锌矿单矿物的浮选回收率可以达到71.8％，明显优于铵盐、Pb²⁺、hg⁺和硫酸铜等活化剂。进行了现场矿石的实验室浮选试验研究，研究结果进一步证实了单矿物浮选所得结论：新型活化剂X-41代替硫酸铜活化铁闪锌矿，具有活化选择性强，活化pH值低，并且有利于后续选硫、选锡作业的优点，而且在相同流程下，采用X-41活化铁闪锌矿能使浮选锌精矿品位提高5.52％左右，回收率提高4.18％左右。进行了铁闪锌矿的活化与磁黄铁矿的抑制机理试验研究，主要从晶体结构以及电位-pH值来分析铁闪锌矿的活化与磁黄铁矿的抑制机理。研究结果从理论上证实了单矿物浮选试验研究和实验室浮选试验研究的结论。进行了新型活化剂X-41在生产现场的工业试验研究，工业试验获得了很好的成功，与硫酸铜相比，在试验指标持平的情况下，将锌浮选pH值从12降到8.4，大量降低了选矿厂石灰、硫酸等药剂的用量，为选厂解决管道堵塞、设备腐蚀和摇床结垢等技术问题提供了根本途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Activation of marmatite and separating marmatite from pyrrhotite is one of the difficulties in separating multi-element sulfide. The content of iron in the marmatite is up to 20% in Wenshan Dulong plant,in Yunnan province. Moreover, the useful elements associate in a complicated way. It is one of the great difficults in mineral engineering. So, it is meaningful to research activating marmatite and depressing pyrrhotite.The flotation of high iron marmatite in Dulong is representive on this mineral engineering focus. The raw ore has a great content of iron. It has many useful elements and rare-elements. All the minerals associate in a complicated way. According to the idiographic properties of the minerals on Dulong plant,the test is carried though thereinafter aspects.Flotation tests of pure minerals is carried though. The results indicates that the initial flotability of marmatite is very low and it could not be gained by single collector. The traditional marmatite’s activators such as NH₄⁺‘ Pb²⁺、 Ag⁺、 Cu²⁺ can not activate marmatite effictively. A new activator of marmatite called X-41 can make the flotational recovery up to 71.8%. It superior to those activators such as NH₄⁺、 Pb²⁺、 Ag⁺、 Cu²⁺ obviously.Flotation tests of spot ores is carried though in lab. The results approve the conclusions of pure mineral tests furtherly. The new activator called X-41 replaces bluestone to activate marmatie. It has great selectivity, can activate on low pH and is propitious to the following task. In a same flowsheet, the replace of bluestone by X-41 can increase content by 5.48% and increase recovery by 4.18%.The mechanism of activating marmatite and dpressing pyrrhotite is reaserched. This reaserch is mainly on the crystal structure and Eh-pH change. This reaserch approves the upper conclusion in a academic way.The activator called X-41 applied in a industrial test. The industrial test was successful. X-41 lowered the zinc flotation pH from 12 to 8.4, reduced the dosage of flotational medicament such as lime and vitral. It is useful for mineral engineering.更多还原