农村信用社经营模式的选择及其外围支持研究

【作者】 陶锌其；

【导师】 陈卫萍；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 合作金融已有一百多年的历史，成功的经历各有千秋。我国的农村信用社经过50多年的发展，尤其是金融体制改革后，为我国的农村经济发展做出巨大贡献，但其自身也面临许多亟待解决问题。2003年8月国务院印发了《关于深化农村信用社改革试点方案》(15号文件)，以浙江等8省(市)作为农信社改革试点，启动了新一轮农村信用社改革，2004年下半年试点范围扩大到29个省区市，其目的就是使农村信用社轻装上阵，充分发挥支农作用。而目的是通过经营模式来实现，经营模式的选择便决定农村信用社经营理念，是以追求利润最大化为目标还是以共同发展为归宿。关于模式的选择，学者更多关注制度层面的东西；决策层对此尚无定论，仅在《方案》中按从高到底的顺序提供了四种模式，即农村商业银行、农村合作银行、县级联社统一法人、维持原状。农村商业银行适合于经济发达地区，农村合作银行介于发达与发展之间，县级联社统一法人适于发展地区。我国大部分地方处于发展中，农村信用社的经营模式首选应是“县级联社统一法人制”，其次是“农村合作银行”，再次才是“农村商业银行”。深化改革是一个系列工程，其中诸如地方政府功能、农村信用社法律地位、省联社规范运行、处理商业金融、政策金融和合作金融三者的关系等问题是信用社所无法控制的，但民间金融和农户个人信用体系构建是农村信用社可通过努力能实现部分改变的且对农村信用社非常重要的外围条件。全文共分为四个部分：首先介绍撰写本文的目的和意义、国内研究动态及本文研究方法；第二章选择对我国有借鉴意义的合作金融介绍；第三章简单对我国农村信用社历史回顾；第四章是本文重点，通过选择几个有代表性的地区，比较、评析他们选择经营模式所依据的经济环境。第五章就一些对农村信用社非常重要且农村信用社有能力部分改变的外围环境提出构想。结论与建议部分提出就目前的经济水平而言，我国大多农村信用社选择经营模式应以合作为主的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cooperative finance has a history of over 100 years and the experience of its success varies from country to country. Having developed for more than 50 years in China, especially after the reform of financial system, Rural Credit Cooperatives (RCC) has made a great contribution to the rural economic development in China. It is, however, faced with many accumulated problems which need solving as soon as possible. In June 2003, the State Council made No. 15 document public, "An Experimental Plan of Furthering the Reform of Rural Credit Cooperatives". The plan chooses the Rural Credit Cooperatives in Zhejiang Province and other 7 prefectures as an experimental reform and with that started the new round of the reform of Rural Credit Cooperatives. By the second half of the year 2004, the area of experimental reform extended to 29 provinces or prefectures. The purpose of the reform is to reduce the loads of Rural Credit Cooperatives and maximum the supporting function of Rural Credit Cooperatives to agriculture. The selection of operation mode will help put the above purpose into practice and it also decides the operation concept of Rural Credit Cooperatives: aiming at pursuing profit maximum or mutual development. As for the selection of mode, scholars put more concern on the system as a whole, while the authority of Rural Credit Cooperatives hasn’t made the final decision, but four choices have been provided (ranking from top to down) in the Plan, namely rural commercial bank, rural cooperative bank, county-level sub-branch consolidated corporate, the original state. Rural Commercial Bank Mode fits in economically developed areas; County-level Sub-branch Consolidated Corporate Mode can find its way in those developing areas; Rural Cooperative Bank Mode is suitable in the areas between the above two. Most areas in China belong to developing ones, therefore when it comes to the selection of operationmode, the first choice for Rural Credit Cooperatives should be county-level sub-branch consolidated corporate, rural cooperative bank comes second, and rural commercial bank ranks the last.Expanding reform covers a series of projects and many problems are beyond Credit Cooperatives, such as local government function, the legal position of Rural Credit Cooperatives, the standard operation of RCC provincial branch, the interrelationship among commercial finance, policy finance and cooperative finance. However, RCC can make efforts to build a better credit system for civil finance and individual peasant and the system building is a very important external surrounding for RCC.This dissertation consists of four chapters: chapter one points out the purpose and significance of writing the dissertation and it also presents an introduction to the research background home and abroad as well as the research methods used; chapter two introduces several types of cooperative finance from which we can learn something useful; chapter three is a brief review of the history of RCC in China; chapter four is the focus of this dissertation and it compares and analyzes the relationship between operation modes and economic surroundings through case study in some typical areas; chapter five puts forward some assumptions about RCC’s external surrounding which is of great importance for RCC’s development and whose change is within the reach of RCC. In the last part, conclusion, I bring out the suggestion that as far as the current economy in China is concerned, most RCC should mainly choose cooperative mode as their operation mode.更多还原