【作者】 王正成；

【导师】 侯胜利；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地球探测与信息技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 隧道建筑结构具有跨度大,进深长的特点,如何快速准确的对其进行质量无损检测一直是工程技术人员关注的一个难题。探地雷达(Ground Penetrating Radar)是利用超高频窄脉冲电磁波在地下介质中传播规律的一种无损检测技术,它能使用户快速获得相关探测区域的详细信息,其传播规律满足麦克斯韦方程组和波动方程。探地雷达检测技术具有的高精度、高效、无损的特点使其成为隧道质量无损检测的首选工具。本文首先介绍了探地雷达技术的发展现状和工作原理,然后就该技术应用于隧道工程质量检测中进行了探讨,通过实验对比,现场测试验证等手段,针对隧道衬砌可能存在的质量问题,着重从数据采集的参数设置及技术要点、数据处理的滤波应用和数据解释三个方面开展研究。有效解决了隧道衬砌质量中关于下列质量问题的探测。衬砌混凝土厚度钢格栅或钢筋的位置衬砌混凝土的胶结密实情况衬砌混凝土与围岩或初衬之间是否存在脱空天线阵雷达是把多个相同或不同频率的天线按照一定阵型组合起来,用一个雷达主机同时采集多道数据的采集方法,数据采集方式一般为收发同体和收发分置两种方式,收发同体采集方式对与雷达扫描方向相垂直的目标体反应灵敏,收发分置采集方式对与天线扫描方向有一定倾斜角度的目标体反应较好。天线阵雷达将是雷达技术发展的一个趋势,对提高探测精度和效率都非常有益处,文中对此有一些初步的介绍。雷达对双排钢筋的识别能力相对其他钢筋检测仪器具有明显的优势,单面检测,测深大,分辨率高。文中进一步对雷达剖面图和波形图中钢筋的波形特征进行综合分析,提高钢筋,尤其是第二排钢筋的定位精度。而且,雷达法检测双排钢筋的方法对工业与民用建筑等类似行业检测具有明显的借鉴作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is a difficult problem how rapidly and accurately nondestructive detects the tunnel quality which is concerned by technical engineers because tunnel structural has big span and long distance features. Ground penetrating radar is a new nondestructive technology which transmitting rules is accord with Maxwell equation group and Wave equation, using ultra high short-pulse electromagnetic waves transmit and reflect in the medium can quickly get the detailed information about the survey area. GPR is the best nondestructive equipment to detect the tunnel quality with the high resolution, high efficiency and nondestructive features.This paper firstly introduced the development and principle of GPR, and then discussed its application on tunnel quality test. Focusing on the probably existed quality problems, we mainly carry on the study on the three aspects which are parameters setup and technical keys of data collection, filters setup of data process and data interpretation in laboratory and real field test ways. Finally, we can solve the following quality problems of tunnel lining quality.The thickness of lining concreteThe position of reinforcement or steel grate archThe cementing condition of lining concreteThe cavities that located between lining concrete and surrounding rockArray antenna radar uses one control unit and multi-antennas which is the same or different frequencies to collect multi-channels data at the same time. Its data collection modes generally are monostatic and bistatic, the first is well in the object which is perpendicular to the scan line, and the second is good at the target which is inclining to the scan direction. It is a development trend for radar technology because array antenna radar can greatly improve the detection precision and efficiency.Radar has obviously advantages over other steel detecting equipments to locate double layer steels. For example, single-side survey, bigger depth and higher resolution. This paper further studied the features of radar section and trace window together and improved the location precision of steels, especially for the second layer steels. Moreover, the method of detecting double layer steels also provides a reference for other field application, for instance, civil engineering and so on.更多还原