【作者】 张海娟；

【导师】 姜宪明；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 现代意义的法治思想是西方资产阶级革命时期提出来的,其核心内容:法律至高无上,任何人、任何权力都要服从法律,而不能有超越于法律之上的特权。法治与人治相对立,是一种和谐的社会治理方式,已成为资本主义国家普遍使用的治国方略。法治也是中国人民长期追求的政治理想。中共十五大把“依法治国”确定为党领导人民治理国家的基本方略,1999年又把这一治国方略写入了宪法,由此确立建设社会主义法治国家的奋斗目标。本文通过对依法治国的历史考察,揭示了依法治国是社会治理的有效模式。透视了我国依法治国的现状及存在问题,对加强我国依法治国的制度建设,提出了建设性的设想。文章首先阐述了依法治国的历史渊源,法治的概念及意义,并介绍了国外依法治国的一些成功经验。其次,简要地概述了当前我国依法治国的制度及存在的问题,分析了制约依法治国的主要因素,阐明我国实行依法治国的重要性、必要性,以及实行依法治国的理论依据。最后,提出了我国依法治国的制度建设的基本途径:一、立法制度建设。应建立和完善立法助理制度、立法听证制度和宪法监督机制。二、执法制度建设。强化行政行为的合法性和程序公正原则,规范执法机关的职权范围,建立、健全行政责任制度,完善行政执法监督机制,加强行政执法队伍建设,提高执法者的素质。三、司法制度建设。建立独立的财政管理体制,健全和规范人大对司法的监督制度,建立合理的法官遴选机制,严格限定法官的职责范围。更多还原

【Abstract】 The idea of ruling of law was firstly raised in the revolution in which the bourgeoisie fought against the feudalism. The core of the idea is that the law posses the power of supremacy, every one and every kind of power must be subordinated to it, and nothing is beyond the law. Ruling of law, which is against ruled by human, is the ideal way to govern the society. It has become the popular pattern in the capitalism counties. Ruled by law is also the political object of the Chinese people. The fifth conference of CPC has set it as the basic strategy of governing the country. In the year of 1999, the constitution of China also took this point. To build socialism country, which is ruled by law, is the object of Chinese people.This article is to raise some opinions of constructing a country ruled by law and advance the process in our country. Firstly, the article tells the history, the concept and significance of ruling of law, then introduces the experiences abroad. Secondly, it tells the system in China and the problems now exists. After that, it analyzes the main elements, the necessity and the theory of ruling of law. Lastly, it gives out the system construction proposals. The first part is the law making construction. We should construct and consummate the system of law making assistance, the system of hearing and the system of constitution supervision. The second part is the law administration system construction. We must strengthen the legality of the administrative acts and the rule of due process. The bound of the administrative power should be clear; the system of the administrative responsibility should be sound and the system of administrative supervision should be fair. Accordingly, we should improve the ability of the administrative staff then better the quality of the whole group. The third part is the judicial system construction. The financial system of the courts should be independent. Furthermore, the supervision mechanism should be made clearly. The human resource management system of the judges should be reformed and the responsibility of the judges should be strictly provided.更多还原