【作者】 马伟萍；

【导师】 徐嘉；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 伦理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 启蒙道德是社会结构转型时期的一种先导,它既是传统社会走向现代社会的必要条件,又是社会发展所要达到的重要目标。没有现代道德意识,社会的现代化就永远是一句空话。本文通过对启蒙、启蒙道德与启蒙主题的阐释,揭示了隐藏在严复文章和译著中的启蒙道德思想,肯定了严复在中国近代史上作为资产阶级启蒙思想家的地位。在中国近代救亡图存的时代背景下,严复依据其进化世界观的理论基础,凭借其自身学兼中西的学术优势,对中国封建君权、民众中的愚昧主义及国民体质进行了反思、批判,对西方启蒙思想家的优秀学说进行了研究和传播,并在此基础上形成了他的启蒙道德思想,主要内容有:以“鼓民力、开民智、新民德”的具体方案改造国民素质;提倡“自由为体,民主为用”的新政德;“黜伪而崇真”的新智德;“富强之基,本诸格致”的科技价值目标和“开明自营”的新义利观。作为近代中国著名的启蒙思想家,严复的启蒙道德思想不仅具有深远的历史意义,而且还具有重大的现实价值。一方面,他打破了传统的僵化世界观,高扬了进取争胜的精神,传播了变法维新的思想,是我国科学救国主义的重要先驱者;另一方面,严复在改造中国传统伦理道德方面的成功与失败,给我们留下了深刻的教益,并且为我们在现今所面临问题的思考提供了重要的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Enlighten ethnic is the guide in the social structural transitional period. It is essential for the transition from the traditional society to the modern society, meanwhile it is the destination for social development. The calling for the modernization of our society would be an empty promise without modern ethnic minds. This article aims to uncover the hiding enlighten ethnic ideas in Yan Fu’s articles and translated works and confirm Yan Fu’s achievements and his status as the thinker of enlightens of bourgeoisie in Chinese modern history.Under the background of times of Chinese modern“saving nation and maintaining its existence”, Yan Fu took advantage of his knowledge about Chinese and the western culture to form his enlighten ethnic ideas,critizing and introspecting Chinese feudal monarchical power and the public’s benighted ideas, studying and spreading the excellent ideas of the western enlighten ethnic thinkers.Basically, Yan Fu’s ideas included the specific plan of“encouraging the public, enlightening them and creating the new public ethnics orders, the promotion the new ethnic ideas about freedom as the base and democracy would be used widely, the new accepting public ideas about depriving the false theory and respecting the truth, the object of scientific and technical value and utility of managing wisely.The theory of Yan Fu has not only the profound historical meaning but also has tremendous practical values.Yan Fu , as the enlighten thinker in Chinese modern history and the important pioneer to saving the nation through science and technology, breaks traditional rigid view of world and develop enterprising sprit and spreading the thoughts of changing the original law to maintain the new system, however, his successful and failure experience in transforming Chinese traditional ethnic and moral theory, would be regarded as deep and profound lessons and important references for us to solve the problems in modern society.更多还原