μClinux下基于FPGA的嵌入式Internet的开发与研究

【作者】 王志武；

【导师】 范蟠果；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着Internet的发展和应用，越来越多的设备需要接入网络，以实现远程控制或资源共享。本文采用了FPGA和μClinux技术来实现嵌入式网络系统的开发。FPGA及其所采用的SOPC开发技术，代表了半导体产业未来的发展方向。μClinux是一款优秀的嵌入式操作系统，强大的网络功能、灵活的裁剪配置功能以及良好的稳定性使得μClinux被广泛的使用到嵌入式系统中。 通过对基于Internet进行远程测控的需求进行分析，以及对μClinux的特性的分析，本文提出了基于FPGA的嵌入式Internet的开发思路和方法。远程访问系统采用浏览器／服务器(B／S)模式。测控对象包括无刷直流电机控制和分布式测量系统。针对远程控制可能出现的延时、数据包丢失和乱序问题，提出了基于预测控制理论的远程控制方法。 软件部分论述了在FPGA芯片上实现Nios Ⅱ软核CPU及其它用户自定义逻辑的方法，在FPGA上实现PWM口的设计过程，将μClinux移植到NiosⅡ软核CPU上的方法以及驱动程序、应用程序的调试和编译方法等。硬件部分论述了嵌入式网络通信设备的硬件设计，包括FPGA最小系统，网卡芯片LAN91C111的接口设计，无刷直流电机控制器的硬件设计，下位机基于MSP430F135的分布式测量系统设计，从而构成一个基于FPGA的远程测控系统。 将FPGA技术和μClinux操作系统应用于嵌入式网络系统的开发，对加快开发周期，提高系统集成度和系统配置的灵活性具有十分重要的意义。不足之处是整个系统比较分散，需要进一步整合优化，以及实时性能不高，改进方法是改造μClinux内核为实时内核。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development and application of the Internet, more and more equipments are needed to connect with the network for achieving long-distance control and sharing resources. This dissertation use FPGA and μClinux to achieve embedded network systems. The FPGA and the SPOC teckniques represent the development of modern semiconductor. μClinux is a good embedded operation system. The strong network function, flexibly cutting off functions, configuring function and its robusbility make μClinux being used more and more in embedded systems.Though analysis of the needs of remote control and measuring system based on the Internet and the characteristics of μClinax, the ways to make a embedded Internet system based on FPGA is presented. Remote access use Browser/Server mode. The remote control and measuring objects include a BLDCM and a distributed measuring system. For the problems of time delay, data package loss and sequence confusion, a remote control method based on predictive control is presented.In software part, using FPGA and LAN91C111 to make a network interface is introduced in details, the method of PWM implementation on FPGA, porting μClinux to Nios II softcore processer, the debugging and making drivers and application programs are presented. The hardware of embedded network communication equipment is also discussed in this dissertation, including FPGA system board, the interface circuits of network chip LAN91C111, the hardware design of BLDCM and the distributed measuring system. So a remote control and measurement system is made.The advantages of using FPGA and ,μClinux to embedded network equipments are that it can shorten the development period, improve system integration and flexibly configuration. The disadvantages are that the system need to be more integrated and the real time operation performance is not so good. The improvement of changing the μClinux core to the real-time core is needed.更多还原