基于AMR效应的磁阻角度传感器的设计

【作者】 王超；

【导师】 马建仓；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 传感器技术是信息产业三大支柱之一，同时也是所有信息的源泉，角度传感器是传感器中非常重要的一种。新材料、新原理角度传感器的开发与研究或现有角度传感器的性能改善和应用扩展是角度传感器继续发展的重要途径，也是该领域的研究热点。 本文通过分析角度传感器研究现状，根据磁阻角度传感器具备非接触式测量、可克服接触误差、同时属于绝对式测量、加电后可立即获取当前角度绝对位置的特点，在看好其应用前景的同时，也发现了其测量范围不足的缺陷，并试图扩大其测量范围，拓展其应用领域。 从磁阻传感元件自身考虑，一方面磁阻角度传感器的灵敏度与测量范围成反比，自身测量范围的扩大必然会导致灵敏度的降低，影响传感信号的信噪比，从而降低角度测量精确度；另一方面，其材料和原理等基础研究方面已趋于成熟，因此很难从这一方面解决该问题。比较有效可行的方法是对现有传感器的性能改善和应用扩展，即角度传感器的集成化和智能化。 本文在把握角度传感器集成化、智能化的发展趋势，了解智能传感器功能特点的基础上，基于Honeywell公司磁阻传感芯片HMC1512和双极性线性输出霍尔元件，设计出一种组合传感器。同时设计了传感信号调节电路，结合ADI公司高性能、高速度的集成数据采集处理芯片ADμC842，完成了磁阻角度传感器的集成化；利用ADμC842的事件判断和信息处理功能，编写了磁阻角度传感器角度解算及测量范围扩展算法，实现了磁阻角度传感器的智能化，在不影响磁阻角度传感器灵敏度的前提下，研制出了一种全角测量范围的磁阻角度传感器。 实验结果表明该磁阻角度传感器测量范围可达0°～359.95°，精确度为0.8°。经误差分析及研究表明，其性能还可再度改善。与光栅和电容等现有非接触式角度传感器相比，该角度传感器具备低成本、小体积，耐污染，抗振动等特点，应用前景广阔。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sensor technology is not only one of the three backbones in the information industry, but also the source of all the information. Being one of the most important sensors, the angle sensor, requires the effective approach to keep it developing continuously. Therefore, the further development of the angle sensor with new materials and theories, as well as the improvement of the angle sensor in its performances and applications turn out to be the hotspot of the angle sensors’ researching field.After analyzing the status quo of the angle sensor, we found that the magnetoresistive angle sensor have lots of advantages. Its measurement modes are contactless and absolute, and it can overcome the touch error and get the absolute angle placement immediately if the system power on. Though it has the good application foreground, its measurement range is not enough. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to enlarge the measurement range of the magnetoresistive angle sensor.Enlarging the measurement range directly will make sensor sensitivity reduced, and influence the signal-to-noise ratio. However, it is difficult to settle this problem through the basic sensor research. The effective methods, which can enlarge the measurement range of the magnetoresistive angle sensor, should focus on improving the performance and extending the application of the current angle sensors.According to the development trend of the angle sensors, and the function characteristic of the intelligent sensor, we developed a magnetoresistive angle sensor, which is based on the honey-well magnetoresistive angle sensor HMC1512 and the hall SS495A. On the basis of the judgment and the processing abilities of the integrated data acquisition and Processing chip ADμC842, we have designed integrated and the intelligent angle sensor and realized full angle measurement.The measurement result indicates that the measurement range of magnetoresistive angle sensor is 0 ～ 359.95 , and its accuracy is 0.8. The error analyses prove that its performance would be more improved. It can overcome the impurity pollution and mechanism librations and have the abilities of low cost and small volume, so it has capacious application foreground.更多还原