【作者】 吕建升；

【导师】 须鼎兴；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在国民经济建设和国防建设中，各项工程建设的规划、设计阶段，都需要了解工程建设地区的地形和环境条件等资料，以便使规划、设计符合实际情况。在一般情况下，都是以地形图的形式提供这些资料的。在进行工程规划、设计时，要利用地形图进行工程建筑物的平面、高程布设和量算工作。因此，地形图是制定规划、进行工程建设的重要依据和基础资料。 在数字地形图的绘制及编辑过程中，本人发现一些亟待解决的问题。其一，在利用GPS和全站仪等测量仪器采集原始数据后，如何利用行之有效的办法去除错误的和重复的离散点；其二，为了使构建的数字地面模型更符合实际地形，使用带约束的不规则三角形格网方法构建模型；其三，如今大部分地形图绘制软件都是采用后处理的办法，即在等高线绘制后，需要人工干预做大量的后期整理工作，所以在尽量少或无人工干预的情况下如何正确的一次性绘制地形图也是一个有待解决的问题。 本文分析了在采集离散点时加入编码的基础上，尽量减少或不进行人工干预，自动去除错误的和重复的离散点，基于带约束条件的Delaunay三角剖分构网方法一次性绘制地物和地貌。实践表明该方法能够明显加快成图速度与提高等高线成图的精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The information of local terrain and environment is important in both civilian and military construction, making the design scheme of projects reasonable. The information is generally provided by topographical map, according to which, the planar position and altitude of the building can also be calculated. In a word, the topographical map is the basic material in the whole project.During the course of plotting and editing the digital topographic maps, some problems come out. Firstly, the redundant and erroneous discrete points should be removed after gathering the data through GPS and Total Station. Secondly, the digital terrain model (DTM) is build using constrained triangle irregular network (TIN) to make the model tally with the real terrain well. Thirdly, the features and relief should be plotted accurately with least or even no factitious intervention. Currently, a mass of subsequent work was done by the operator after plotting the contour with software.This paper puts forward a new method, in which the code is added so the redundant and erroneous discrete points are removed automatically without any factitious intervention. Based on this method, the features and relief can be plotted simultaneously using constrained Delaunay triangulation. In addition, the mapping efficiency and accuracy are improved greatly.更多还原