【作者】 吴元忠；

【导师】 胡钢；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络作为全新的信息获取和处理技术，在国防、工农业、环境监测等众多领域都有着重大的应用价值和科研价值。而众多的应用中均是基于网络节点的位置信息，因此节点定位技术是无线传感器网络的关键技术之一。 本文通过对现有的几种典型定位算法的分析和比较，发现众多算法的一个共性就是：在未知节点的定位过程中未知节点必须与锚节点相邻，即对锚节点(信标节点)的依赖性较强，锚节点密度的高低直接影响网络节点自定位的精确度。为了减少对锚节点的依赖性，美国路特格斯大学的Nicolescu博士提出了Euclidean定位算法，基于对Euclidean定位算法中的二跳距离测算思想分析，本文提出了一种新的定位算法——分级循环(Graded Circle)定位算法。算法中将不同定位精度的已定位节点分为8个等级，将高于等级5的高精度已定位节点上升为参考节点参与到更多的未知节点的定位过程，并通过循环求精过程来提高定位的准确度。 基于OPNET网络仿真软件，对新的定位算法进行仿真。仿真结果表明：当锚节点密度为10％，测距误差为5％时，网络节点定位误差小于20％射频半径，算法定位覆盖率为97％。课题研究期间，在《传感技术学报》上发表了研究论文1篇，题名为《无线传感器网络节点自定位算法的研究》。更多还原

【Abstract】 Being a novel technology about acquiring and processing information. WSN has the significant application value and scientific research value in the national defense, the industry and agriculture, the environmental monitoring and so on. Most of the application is based on the nodes’ position, so the technology of self-location is one of the key technologies of WSN.In beginning of this paper, the classical theories of Self-Localization Algorithm are presented. In the comparison of these self-location algorithms, it can be founded that the condition of position-unknown nodes must be near to the anchor nodes which position is known by GPS or manual deployed is needed in the algorithms, the dependence of anchor nodes is very strong, and the density of anchor nodes in the WSN has an key influence on the position veracity of unknown nodes. In order to decrease the dependence of anchor nodes, Euclidean position estimation was proposed by Nicolescu D. from Rutgers University of America. Based on the idea of two hop distance calculation in the Euclidean theory, a novel theory of graded circle position estimation for WSN is proposed in this paper. In the graded circle position estimation, the precision of nodes are divided into 8 ranks, and the nodes which rank is higher than 5 can be promoted as the reference nodes assisting the other unknown nodes’ self-localization, and the circulatory adjustment can improve the precision of position estimate.In order to validate the validity and veracity of graded circle position estimation, OPNET network simulation soft is used in this paper. When anchor percent is 10% of nodes in sensor networks and the range estimates error is 5%, the performance of algorithm by simulation is that position estimates error less than 20% telecommunication range and the network’s coverage is 97%.During the study of the graded circle position estimation, the paper of ’Research on Self-Localization Algorithm of Wireless Sensor Networks’ is accepted by the Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators.更多还原