【作者】 刘玉青；

【导师】 邵孝侯；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 农业水土工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 烟草是重要的经济作物之一，产量和品质是决定其生产经济效益的关键因素。两者是不可分割的统一体，其决定因素是水肥的用量。水肥用量在一定范围内对烟草产量和品质都发生积极作用；用量不足或者过大，产量和品质将不能同时得到保证。本文通过测定蒸渗仪中不同水氮水平下烟田土壤含水率、土壤速效氮含量、烤烟的农艺性状、生理生态指标、产量与品质等，对烤烟的水氮耦合效应进行了以下几方面的研究： (1) 试验测定了烤烟的农艺性状和生理生态指标，通过分析得出水氮耦合条件下烤烟全生育期的叶面积指数的动态变化规律符合Logarithmic统计模型，细胞液浓度与不同土层深度土壤含水率、蒸腾速率和光合速率三者具有较好的相关性，细胞液浓度的日变化峰值随施氮量增加出现时间延后等。 (2) 对烤烟全生育期进行控制灌溉，分析发现水氮耦合使烤烟耗水量增加，同时提高烤烟的水分利用效率。 (3) 在烤烟成熟期对烟株各部分矿质营养元素含量进行了测定分析，发现水氮耦合条件下烤烟矿质元素N、P、K积累量随施N量增加而增加，过量氮肥反而对矿质元素吸收有一定抑制作用。 (4) 在成熟期进行干物质的测定分析，发现水氮耦合条件下施氮量的增加会提高中上等烟比例，同时促进烤烟干物质积累，并且对地上部的促进作用大于地下部分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yield and quality are the key factors to the economic benefit of tobacco, which is the vital important economic crop. And the two factors have inseparable relation, whose decisive factor is soil water and fertilizer. The dosage of water and fertilizer in a certain scope do have active work to the yield and quality of tobacco, while it becomes deficient or sufficient, the yield and quality will be incapable to be ensured. By mensurating the soil water content, the quick acting nitrogen content of soil, the agronomic character, the physiological and ecological index, the yield and quality of flue cured tobacco which grows in different level of water and nitrogen in lysimeter, this text carries out several aspects research such as follows:(1) The agronomic character and the index of physiological and ecological of flue cured tobacco are mensurated in the experiment. Then by analysis, we get that the dynamic alteration law of the index of leaf area (LAI) obeys to the statistic model of Logarithmic function, and there lies good correlations between cell fluid consistence with such three factors as soil moisture content of different soil layer, and the occurance of peak of cell fluid consistence daily variation delays with the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer., etc.(2) By carrying out controlled-irrigation during the whole growing period in the condition of soil moisture and nitrogen coupling, we got that nitrogen fertilizer has benefit to increase the volume of water-consuming, and meanwhile it can heighten water utilization efficiency of flue cured tobacco.(3) By mensurating and analyzing mineral nutrition element content of each several part of flue cured tobacco of maturity stage, we got that the accumulation dose of nitrogen(N), Phosphorus (P) and p0lassium (K) of root, stem and leaf will increase with nitrogen fertilizer, but surplus nitrogen fertilizer will decrease the accumulation dose of flue cured tobacco. (4) We carried out mensurating and analyzing dry matter in the maturity period, and got that nitrogen fertilizer can heighten the proportion of tobacco better than average ,increase the accumulation of dry matter and the work to ground parts lager than underground parts.更多还原