【作者】 骆鑫；

【导师】 付健；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 法学理论， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 我国实行土地的社会主义公有制,土地所有权不能流通,因此,要满足社会对土地资源日益旺盛的需求就必须活跃中国的土地使用权流转市场。国有土地使用权出让作为国有土地使用权初次流转的最主要的方式,是土地在二级市场流转的基本前提,直接关系到土地的供应问题,意义重大。从1988年《宪法》修正案确立国有土地使用权出让的合法地位到现在,国有土地使用权出让制度对实现我国国有土地的经济价值,繁荣我国的房地产市场起到了十分重要的作用。完善的国有土地使用权出让制度无疑是经济社会可持续发展的必然要求。但由于目前我国国有土地使用权出让法律制度尚处于创建阶段,在立法中难免存在着诸多问题,需要进一步去研究探讨。本文首先明确了国有土地使用权出让的含义,并在此基础上,针对目前理论界对国有土地使用权出让性质存在的争论,探讨了国有土地使用权出让的法律性质,明确了国有土地使用权出让行为的民事法律行为性质。在对国有土地使用权出让有了一个较为清晰的认识后,本文简要介绍了我国国有土地使用权出让制度的历史沿革和其构成特点,并对国有土地使用权出让制度从理论上和制度设计上作了具体的分析,指出由于我国国有土地使用权出让制度的创设最初是由于经济发展推动的结果而非完善制度设计的产物,再加上国有土地使用权出让制度创设时立法者对土地资源的生态价值缺乏应有的重视,造成现有的制度存在很大的缺陷。具体说来,现有制度在立法思想上并没有注意区分国家作为土地所有者和社会管理者的双重身份,造成现有制度中土地管理部门的行政权力与民事权利不分,整个制度在总体上缺少对出让法律关系主体双方利益的平衡。而在具体制度的设计中,现有制度规定的出让期限以及期满后地上物的处理方式不够合理,对土地使用权续期制度、登记制度、土地使用权提前收回制度的设计不够完善,对“社会公共利益”的内涵也缺少明确的界定,这些缺陷无疑对国有土地使用权出让实践中存在的国家权力膨胀、国有土地使用权受让方利益难以得到有效保障的现象负有难以推卸的责任。另外,现有制度并没有注意解决相关法律制度之间的有效衔接问题,对土地资源的保护也缺乏足够的重视。这些缺陷无疑大大限制了现有制度在实现土地经济价值、保护土地资源方面所发挥的作用。针对目前存在的问题,我国应在借鉴外国经验的基础上,立足本国国情,完善现有的制度。首先,应整合我国国有土地使用权出让制度的立法思路:第一,应在国有土地使用权出让制度中确立起可持续发展原则,公开、公平、公正原则和保护、合理利用出让土地的原则。第二,要以我国物权法的制定为契机,做好相关法律、法规间的衔接、协调工作,从而形更多还原

【Abstract】 China carries out the socialist public ownership of land, namely the ownership of land can’t be sold and bought. Therefore, the market of the use right of land in china must be active to meet the increasing needs in land resource in our society. The use right selling of state-owned land services as the major way of the first circulate in the market of use right selling of state-owned land. The use right selling of state-owned land is a primary premise of the circulation of land in the second degree market, which is directly relevant to land supply problem and making of great significant. The system of using selling of state-owned land has made great contribution to flourish Chinese house agent market and come upon the economic performance of Chinese state-owned land since the legitimate status of the use right selling of state-owned land was established by the Constitution amendment in 1988.Improving the system of using right selling of state-owned land is a necessary requirement of the sustainable development of social economy. But the law system of using right of state-owned land is still in its constructive period, there are inevitably many problems when the law is enact, and it needs further studies and discussion.This article firstly defines the meaning of the use right selling of state-owned land. Basing this meaning, according to the disputes of law Character of using right selling of state-owned land, And define the nature of the Civil Juristic Acts of the behavior of using right selling of state-owned land. After making clear study to the use right selling of state-owned land, this article introduce in brief the history evolution and its constructive feature of Chinese system of using right selling of state-owned land, meanwhile, it will make a pacific analysis to the use right selling of state-owned land from the theory and the system design aspect. Pointing out that the foundation of the use right selling of state-owned land is not the result of imperfect system design but the promotion of economic development and at the same time which the reference of a mature system and which much attention to the eco-value of land by the society, which results in great drawback in present systems. The most vital problem is that current system does not pay attention to distinguish nation’s personages as the owner of the land and the institution of social management。Thus, this problem leads to the confusion between the administrative right and civil right of the land administration department present system, and in a wholes, result in tacking of balance of mutual benefits in the relationship of using right selling of state-owned land in the whole system. Moreover, in the course of designing the pacific system, the limited the selling deadline and the time of using land and the dispose of the regulation in the land after the land’s using expiration in present system are not reasonable, the design of the renewable system, the registration system and advance retraction system of using right selling of land is not good enough, and the connotation of the social public benefit is lack of clear definition. No doubt those drawbacks lead to expansion of the nation’s power, and the phenomenon that the accretive part using right of land is difficult to abstain an effective protection. On the other hand, the present system does not pay attention to resolve the problem of the correlation law and its system. At the same time, it attaches not enough importance on protecting eco-value of land. Such defect更多还原