【作者】 芮雯；

【导师】 岑颖洲；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 分析化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对两种南海大型经济海藻，带形蜈蚣藻（Grateloupia turuturu）和总状蕨藻（Caulerpa racemosa）进行了化学成分分析及生物活性研究；并对带形蜈蚣藻硫酸酯多糖进行提取、分离纯化和抗病毒活性研究。 采用细胞病变（Cytopathic effect，CPE）抑制法和四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）比色法对带形蜈蚣藻粗提物及各萃取层粗提物进行单纯疱疹病毒1型（Herpes simplex virus 1，HSV-1）和柯萨奇病毒（Coxsackie virus B₃，CVB₃）的体外抗病毒活性筛选；用肉汤稀释法测定带形蜈蚣藻粗提物及各萃取层粗提物对大肠埃希氏菌等6种细菌的最低抑菌浓度（Minimal inhibitory concentration，MIC）。结果表明，带形蜈蚣藻石油醚层粗提物和正丁醇层粗提物具有较好的抗HSV-1病毒活性，其对细胞病变的半抑制浓度(50％ inhibition concentration，IC₅₀)分别为15.63和7.81μg/mL。带形蜈蚣藻石油醚层粗提物最高浓度5mg/mL时对猪霍乱沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及枯草芽孢杆菌具有抑制作用。 结合活性筛选实验结果，对带形蜈蚣藻石油醚层粗提物和总状蕨藻正丁醇层粗提物进行化学成分分析。从带形蜈蚣藻中分离得到2个化合物：棕榈酸（Ⅰ）和3-β-5-烯-胆甾醇（Ⅱ），并用气质联用（GC-MS）分析鉴定出胆甾-4-烯-6-酮，胆甾-4-烯-3-酮，胆甾-4，6-二烯-3-醇和胆甾-4，6-二烯-3-酮。活性实验表明，化合物Ⅱ抗HSV-1病毒效果较好，其IC₅₀达到7.81μg／mL。化合物Ⅰ对部分细菌的抑菌浓度为2.5mg／mL。 从总状蕨藻中分离得到了2个化合物：蕨藻红素（Ⅲ）和（2S）-1，2-二-○-十六碳酰基-3-O-（6-磺酸基-α-D-脱氧吡喃葡萄糖基）甘油（Ⅳ）。体外抗病毒活性测定表明，化合物Ⅳ具有抗HSV-1病毒的活性，其IC₅₀为31.25μg／mL。 对带形蜈蚣藻和同属的蜈蚣藻（Grateloupia filicina）进行了脂肪酸成分和无机元素含量的分析比较。采用GC-MS测定两种海藻中的脂肪酸成分及含量。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪测定了两种海藻中所含的15种元素，结果表明，蜈蚣藻中的不饱和脂肪酸含量较带形蜈蚣藻丰富。两种海藻的人体必需元素Fe、Ca、Mg、P、Zn含量较高，而有害元素As、Cd含量很低。 采用水提法和碱提取法对带形蜈蚣藻硫酸酯多糖进行提取，对水提取的硫酸更多还原

【Abstract】 The chemical constituents and bioactivities of two economic seaweeds, Grateloupia turuturu Yamada and Caulerpa racemosa collected from South China Sea have been studied. The sulfated polysaccharides of G. turuturu have been extracted, isolated and purifyed, and their antiviral activities have been discussed.The anti Herpes simplex virus 1（HSV-1） and Coxsackie virus B₃（CVB₃） effects of the crude extracts and fractions from G. turuturu were demaonstrated by cytopathic effect （CPE） reduction assay and MTT colorimetric assay. Minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） was used to determine the antibacterial effects of the crude extracts and fractions from G. turuturu against 6 bacteria strains which treated with broth dilution method. As a result, the petroleum benzin fraction and butanol fraction from G. turuturu show potent inhibitory effects on HSV-1, with the 50% inhibited concentrations （IC50） of 15.63 and 7.81μg/mL. The petroleum benzin fraction from G. turuturu has inhibition to Salmonella choleraesu, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with the concentration of 5mg/mL.The chemical constituents of the petroleum benzin fraction from G. turuturu and butanol fraction from C. racemosa have been studied with the activity screening results. Two chemical compounds were isolated from G. turuturu and the structures were identified as hexadecanoic acid （Ⅰ） and cholest-5-en-3-ol（3 β） （Ⅱ）. Cholest-4-en-6-one , Cholest-4-en-3-one , Cholesta-4,6-dien-3-ol and Cholesta -4,6-dien-3-one were attained and characterized by gas chromatograph mass spectrometer （GC-MS）. Compound II shows good antiviral activities against HSV-1 with the IC50 of 7.81μg/mL. Compound I has inhibition to some bacteria strains with the concentration of 2.5mg/mL.Two chemical compounds were isolated from C. racemosa and the structures were identified as caulerpin （Ⅲ） and （2S）-1, 2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-（6-sulpho-α-D-quinovopyranosyl） glycerol （Ⅳ）. The antiviral result of compound Ⅳ shows it had inhibitory effects on HSV-1 with the IC₅₀ of 31.25μg/mL.The fatty acids compositions and elemental composition in both G. turuturu and更多还原