【作者】 史方；

【导师】 林小涛；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 水生生物学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了人工养殖唐鱼仔鱼耳石的微结构，确证了耳石上日轮的存在及形成规律，并通过日轮分析对唐鱼自然种群的年龄结构进行了调查。论文分为三部分： 第一部分“前言”，概述了国内外在耳石微结构的研究与应用进展，并介绍了本文的研究对象和意义。耳石微结构主要用于鱼类年龄鉴定，早期生长，产卵期、孵化期和产卵场的推导，早期生活史事件的研究，鱼类种群鉴别，早期死亡及年级补充量，生活环境条件的研究等。 第二部分“唐鱼仔鱼耳石微结构研究”，对唐鱼仔鱼耳石形态发育和生长轮沉积规律进行了研究。唐鱼人工繁殖孵出仔鱼后，每天连续取样剖出其耳石并制片观察。矢耳石形态经历了圆形、椭圆形、菱形到梨形的变化过程；微耳石形态经历由圆形、椭圆形到梨形的变化过程；矢耳石和微耳石在孵出前已经形成，而星耳石在孵出后第23天才出现。大部分耳石具有一个中心核和一个原基，少数具一个以上的中心核或原基，其中以具两个中心核两个原基的居多。经对微耳石和矢耳石的显微观察，确证了唐鱼耳石上日轮的存在，其规律为孵出后每天形成一轮。生长过程中矢耳石形状变化较大，星耳石出现时间较晚，而微耳石形状稳定，日轮可读性较好，故更适于作为日轮研究的材料。 第三部分“唐鱼自然种群年龄结构调查”，2005年6月至2006年4月每两个月一次对栖息于从化市鹿田镇的唐鱼自然种群年龄结构进行了调查。2005年6月时采集到的唐鱼年龄集中在40d—70d之间，8月和10月时采集到的唐鱼种群既有达性成熟的较大个体，也有孵出不久的仔鱼，年龄分布在10d—130d之间。2005年12月和2006年2月采集到的唐鱼大部分年龄在50d以上，2006年4月采集到的唐鱼则大部分年龄在50d以下。利用人工养殖唐鱼耳石日轮形成规律研究其自然种群年龄结构的方法是可行的。人工养殖唐鱼耳石生长轮的清晰度和对比度低于自然种群唐鱼耳石，但生长轮宽度规则性高于自然种群唐鱼耳石。自然种群唐鱼的体长与微耳石长径呈显著的线性相关关系，体重与微耳石长径呈显著的幂指数相关关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The microstructure of larval Tanichthys albonubes’s otoliths and age structure of wild Tanichthys albonubes were studied. Three main parts were included in the present dissertation:Part1:"Foreword", summarized the development of otoliths studies on microstructure and applications in world. Otoliths microstructure were mainly used in fish aging, early growth, estimating on spawning period, incubating period and spawn areas, evaluating on early life history events, identifying fish population, early mortality and class recruitment, habitation condition. The basic informations of Tanichthys albonubes were also introduced in this partPart2:"Study on otoliths microstructure of larval Tanichthys albonubes", the morphology, formation and deposition of the first increment and the rate of increment deposition were studied for sagittae, lapilli, and asterisci from larval Tanichthys albonubes. The samples from embryonic development of late stage to larval Tanichthys albonubes’s were collected continuously. Three pairs of otoliths were removed from the fish. Morphology of sagittae were undergoing changes from round, oval, rhombic to pear-shape; morphology of lapillus were undergoing changes from round, oval to pear-shape. Sagittae and lapillus are apparently formed before hatching, and asterisci were observed 23 days after hatching. Most otoliths had one nucleus and one primordium; however, there were also a few with more than one nucleus and primordium. The first growth increment in otoliths was observed one day after hatching. Because of their readability and conservative growth, lapilli are considered the preferred otolith structure for age determination of Tanichthys albonubes.Part3: "Research on age structure of wild Tanichthys albonubes", groups of wild Tanichthys albonubes were collected from June 2005 to April 2006 every two months. The更多还原