【作者】 吴秀梅；

【导师】 欧阳健明；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 无机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、紫外可见分光光度仪(UV)以及原子吸收分光光度计(AAS)等表征方法，研究了在水溶液和稀释尿液中四种海藻多糖(异枝麒麟菜多糖、海带多糖、蜈蚣藻多糖、龙须菜多糖)对尿结石主要组分草酸钙的调控作用。研究表明，各种海藻多糖的抑制草酸钙生长的强弱顺序是：蜈蚣藻多糖＞海带多糖＞龙须菜多糖＞异枝麒麟菜多糖。 异枝麒麟菜多糖(ESPS)能抑制一水草酸钙(COM)晶体的生长和聚集，同时诱导二水草酸钙(COD)晶体的形成。随着ESPS浓度的增加，COM的((?)01)晶面被加强，(020)晶面减弱直至消失，COM的形态从三维的晶体转变为四角形片状晶体；同时COM和COD的尺寸明显变小，COD含量增加，从而抑制草酸钙(CaOxa)晶体的生长。 海带多糖(LPS)抑制COM的成核、生长与聚集，使其向COD晶体转化，从而诱导COD的生成。加入低浓度的时，生成片状、圆形的COM晶体，(020)晶面消失。随着浓度的增加，晶体尺寸变小，诱导生成COD晶体；海带多糖添加浓度达到0.2 mg／mL时，生成100％的COD晶体。 龙须菜多糖和蜈蚣藻多糖抑制COM的(020)晶面和((?)01)晶面的生长，抑制COM的成核、生长和聚集。同时具有很强的诱导与稳定COD晶体的能力，COD晶体的含量随多糖浓度的增加而增加。 研究还发现温度对海藻多糖抑制草酸钙晶体的生长影响显著，在低温下有利于海藻多糖诱导COD的生成。 所有这些因素都能防止CaOxa尿结石的形成，上述结果表明海藻多糖是抑制CaOxa结石的一种绿色潜在防石药物。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Modulation of four marine algal polysaccharide (polysaccharide of Eucheuma striatum, laminarin, Polysaccharides of Grateloupia filicina , Polysaccharides of Gracilaria) isolated from algaes on the crystallization of calcium oxalate was investigated in water liquid and dilute urine by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), the Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometer (UV), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and so on. We can draw out inhibitory ability of the several algal polysaccharides on calcium oxalate: polysaccharide of Grateloupia filicina > laminarin > polysaccharide of Gracilaria> polysaccharide of Eucheuma striatum.The results indicated that the addition of polysaccharide of Eucheuma striatum (ESPS) could inhibit the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate monhydrate (COM) crystals and induce the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals. The increase of the concentration of ESPS can further enhance the stabilization of the ((?)01) face but weaken the (020) face of COM to disappear. The morphology of COM changes from three-dimensional crystals to tetragonal slice crystals, the size of both COM and COD apparently become smaller and the content of COD turn more with the increase of algal polysaccharide concentration, therefore they inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate (CaOxa) crystal.Laminarin could inhibit the nucleation, growth and aggregation of COM crystals, transform it to COD, therefore induce the formation of COD crystals. It form slice, rounded COM crystals and the (020) face of COM to disappear in low concentration. The increase of the concentration of LPS, the size of crystals become smaller and induce the formation of COD crystals. When the concentration of LPS reach 0.2 mg/mL, form 100% COD crystals.Polysaccharides of Grateloupia filicina and Gracilaria could weak the (020) and ((?)01) faces of COM, inhibit the nucleation, growth and aggregation of COM crystals. In the same time, they can induce and stabilize COD crystals, the quantity of them increases with the concentration of polysaccharides.Our research also found that temperature is marked on the influence of algal polysaccharide on the crystallization of calcium oxalate. Low temperature favor the formation of COD that is induced by algal polysaccharide.All these factors can prevent the formation of CaOxa urinary stones. It indicated that algal polysaccharide maybe a potential inhibitor to CaOxa urinary stones.更多还原