【作者】 陈村元；

【导师】 欧阳健明；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 无机化学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X-射线衍射分析（XRD）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）等方法，分别在凝胶和水溶液体系中研究了多种无机防石药物对草酸钙（CaOxa）晶体生长的影响，探讨了这些无机防石药物的影响机理，这些无机防石药物包括酒石酸镁、氯化镁、H₂EDTA及其Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺盐、柠檬酸及其Na⁺、K⁺、（NH₄）⁺盐和磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、三聚磷酸钠与六偏磷酸钠四种磷酸盐。 1．Mgtart能够诱导二水草酸钙（COD）和三水草酸钙（COT）生成，Mgtart的浓度增加时，COT的百分含量也增加，COD的含量没有明显变化，一水草酸钙（COM）晶体的棱角随着浓度的增加变得圆钝。当添加物为MgCl₂时，COM单体增多，晶体变薄，且随着MgCl₂浓度的增加单体的含量增加，说明MgCl₂能够抑制COM的聚集。 2．H₂EDTA及其Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺盐能够抑制COM的生长和聚集，减小COM晶体的尺寸，使晶体棱角变得圆钝，晶体比表面积减小，它们均能诱导COD晶体的生成，且COD的百分含量随添加剂浓度的增加而增加，诱导COD的能力可能为MgEDTA＞K₂EDTA＞Na₂EDTA＞H₂EDTA。 3．柠檬酸及其盐能够使COM晶体的尺寸减小，聚集程度减弱，且晶体的棱角变得圆钝，并且草酸钙晶体中COD的含量增加。说明柠檬酸及其盐可以抑制COM的生长和聚集，诱导COD的生成，诱导COD的能力为（NH₄）₃cit＞K₃cit＞＞H₃cit＞Na₃cit。 4．四种磷酸盐对COM晶体生长的影响作用和对COD生长的诱导能力的强弱依次为Na₅P₃O₁₀＞Na₄P₂O₇＞＞Na₃PO₄＞（NaPO₃）₆，随着添加剂浓度的增大，对COM晶体形貌的影响能力随之增强，诱导COD晶体生长的能力也增加。说明磷酸盐类药物均有利于尿结石的预防和治疗。更多还原

【Abstract】 The growth of calcium oxalate （CaOxa） was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM）, X-ray Diffraction （XRD） and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy （FT-IR） in different simulation systems. We investigated the inhibition of the inorganic inhibitors medicament in the gel systems and in the aqueous solution systems, the inhibit mechanism was also discussed. These inorganic inhibitors medicament include magnesium tartrate, H₂EDTA and its Na⁺、K⁺、 Mg²⁺ salts, H₃cit and its Na⁺、 K⁺、（NH₄）⁺ salts ,sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium triphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.Firstly, Mgtart can induce the growth of COD and COT. The ability of Mgtart to induce COT increased as increasing their concentration, but COD have no significant change, and the angles of COM crystals become more round. In the presence of MgCl₂, single crystal was increased, and the crystal became thin, it indicated that MgCl₂ could inhibit the aggregation of COM crystals.Secondly, H2EDTA and its Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺ salts could inhibit the growth and aggregation of COM, and decrease the size of COM, decrease the specific surface area. Them all can induce the formation of COD, this ability increased with the increase of their concentrations. The relative ability follows the order: MgEDTA > K₂EDTA > Na₂EDTA> H₂EDTA.Thirdly, in the presence of citric acid and citrate, size of COM was decreased, and the aggregation were decreased, the edges was more round and the COD were existed. The result indicated that citric acid and citrate could inhibit the growth and aggregation of COM, all can induce the formation of COD, the relative ability follows the order: （NH₄）₃cit > K₃cit>>H₃cit > Na₃cit.Fourthly, the effect of various kinds of phosphates on the growth of COM crystals and the ability to induce COD decreased in the order: Na₅P₃O₁₀ > Na₄P₂O₇>> Na₃PO₄ > （NaPO₃）₆. This ability increased with the increase of their concentrations. It demonstrated the capacity of phosphates to induce COD and decrease the growth of COM was in favor of the prevention and cure of urinary stones.更多还原