【作者】 王炜娜；

【导师】 高后秀；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 材料学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 Cu-Zn-Al合金是一种性能优良的形状记忆合金。对其进行研究时,在常温常压下制得了一系列结构新颖的一维合金纳米结构包括网状、树枝状、辫子状等纳米结构。随后,通过大量的对比实验摸索合金纳米结构的制备工艺,发现在常温常压下除了通过HNO3、HCl、H3PO4、HAC按不同比例构成的混合酸处理退火态Cu-Zn-Al合金可以制得合金纳米结构,侵蚀剂处理也是形成大量好的纳米结构的必要条件。采用透射形貌分析, X射线衍射分析,EDX分析对制得的纳米结构进行了表征。所得的合金纳米结构分为两种:(1)制得的合金纳米结构直径在20-50nm左右,长度最长的达到μm量级。确定了纳米结构的组成与基体基本一致,均为Cu、Zn、Al元素,且合金纳米结构为多晶体。(2)在制备合金纳米结构的同时,发现了结构新颖的含碳的合金一维纳米结构。制得的合金纳米结构直径在10-30nm左右,长度最长的达到μm量级。合金纳米结构为多晶体。确定了纳米结构的主要成分为Cu和C元素。在对合金纳米结构的生长机理进行研究时,发现合金中存在的“类流态”胞区是常温常压下一维合金纳米结构得以生成的关键。由于“类流态”胞区的类液性,混沌运动特征,自组织特性为常温常压下一维合金纳米结构和纳米颗粒的形核,原料原子的来源,能量来源,定向生长提供了合理的解释,并提出了依据合金“类流态”运动的一维合金纳米结构生长模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cu-Zn-Al alloy is a kind of Shape Memory Alloy with good performance. When we studied it, some novel one-dimensional alloy nano-structures looked like reticulation, branch and braid were obtained under normal temperature and pressure. After a mass of experiments, it was found that the alloy nano-structures would be attained when the annealed Cu-Zn-Al alloy was treated by mixed acid include HNO3,HCl,H3PO4,HAC. And it is necessary to be treated by erodent to obtain a great deal of fine nano-structures. The alloy nano-structures were characterized by TEM, XRD, EDX. There are two sorts of nano-structures. One is Cu-Zn-Al alloy nano-structure with diameter from 20 nm to 50nm and the longest length is micron dimension, its ingredients are Cu, Zn, Al and its structure is polycrystal, the other is novel Cu-Zn-Al alloy nano-structure with carbon element and its diameter is from 20 nm to 50nm , the longest length is micron dimension. The main elements of this novel alloy nano-structure are Cu and carbon , the structure is polycrystal.In the process of researching growth mechanics of alloy nano-structures, it was confirmed that quasi-fluid cell ,a kind of nonlinear oscillation phenomenon in the alloy was critical factor. According to the characters of quasi-fluid cell such as chaotic, self-organizing and similar with fluid, the questions about where the energy and atoms which composing alloy nano-structures come from, how the alloy nanotubes nucleate and why the atoms can grow directly could be explained reasonably. And the grow model of one dimensional alloy nano-structures were put forward in response to quasi-fluid state.更多还原