【作者】 熊毕华；

【导师】 雷绍民；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 世界范围内生态环保意识的不断加强及传统材料的日益匮乏，为抗菌调湿材料的研究提供了社会背景和生态意义。纳米TiO₂与多孔矿物基材的复合是当前研究的热点之一，它不仅可以解决TiO₂的分散与固定化问题，而且通过载体的吸附作用可以在催化剂表面区域形成反应物的浓度富集，促进传质，从而提高光催化反应的效率。目前，以多孔矿物为基材的复合型TiO₂光催化材料在有机废水的降解脱色中已突显其高效优势，但其在抗菌消毒及湿度调节方面的研究少有报道。 将纳米二氧化钛与层状蒙脱石矿物复合，制备具有抗菌性能和调湿功能的环境矿物材料，为其在室内装饰涂料、家电与陶瓷表面修饰涂层等领域中的应用提供理论依据，是本文研究的目的，其主要研究内容包括： 1．纳米二氧化钛／蒙脱石复合体系的制备和表征 以Sol-Gel法制备二氧化钛／蒙脱石复合体系，分析探讨钛前驱体系的组合及配比，通过正交实验优化制备的工艺条件。采用XRD、FTIR和AFM等技术从晶体结构、分子结构和表面形貌方面对复合体系进行表征分析。结果表明：制备复合体系的优化条件为，以Ti（OC₄H₉）₄-C₂H₅OH-HNO₃-H₂O体系按1：15：0.3：3的摩尔比制备钛溶胶；以15mmol／g的负载量，质量浓度3％的蒙脱石悬浮液，25℃下制备二氧化钛／蒙脱石复合体系；复合后的样品经60℃真空干燥，450℃焙烧1h。复合体系中TiO₂以锐钛矿的形式均匀覆盖于蒙脱石表面，其平均晶粒直径为9.8nm。 2．纳米二氧化钛／蒙脱石复合体系的抗菌性能研究 以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作为不同革兰氏类型的细菌代表，考察光照条件、细菌的生理状态、初始菌浓度、催化剂用量、外界无机离子对复合体系抗菌性能的影响。从动力学角度分析光催化抗菌反应的过程。以TOC／TN分析结合AFM表征揭示复合体系抗菌的光生物化学反应机理。结果表明：暗吸附、光解、间歇性和连续性的光催化作用下两种细菌的存活率分别在85.0％、67.5％、1.5％和0.1％左右。经多次光催化处理后的细菌比未经处理的细菌对光催化作用表现出更高的敏感性。当初始细菌浓度在10³-10⁷ cfu／mL时，光催化抗菌反应符合表观拟一级反应动力学模型，催化剂用量与反应速率常数呈二次抛物线关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The worldwide continually strengthened consciousness of environmental protection and more and more scarcity of traditional materials provide the social background and the ecology significance for researches on antibacterial and humidity-controlling materials. Research on the composition of nano-metric titanium dioxide and porous mineral substrate materials is one of the hotspots of current researches. It can not only settle the problem of dispersion and immobilization of TiO₂, but also accelerate the mass transfer and consequently enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic reaction through the ability of substrate to adsorb the reactants and enrich their concentration in the surface region of photocatalyst. At present, the composite photocatalyst of TiO₂ loaded on porous mineral materials has demonstrated an advantage of high efficiency in the degradation and decoloration of organic wastewater, but there are few reports concerned with the aspect of antibacterial effect and humidity control.This research aimed at preparing the environment mineral material with bacteriostatic and humidity-controlling characteristics by loading nano-TiO₂ onto montmorillonite, and providing theoretical basis for its application in indoor decorative coatings, home appliances and ceramic surface ornament coatings, etc. The main contents of this research were as follows: 1. Preparation and characterization of the composite system of TiO₂/Mmt.This system was prepared with sol-gel method. The combination and molar ratio of each reactants in the precursor system was discussed, And the synthesis conditions was optimized through orthogonal experiments. XRD, FTIR as well as AFM technologies were adopted to characterize and analyse the crystal and molecular configurations and surface appearances of the composite system.The optimum synthesis conditions obtained from the experimental results were as follows: the molar ratio of reactants in the precursor of TiO₂ was Ti（OC₄H₉）₄: C₂H₅OH: HNO₃: H₂O=1: 15: 0.3: 3. The ratio of Ti（IV） to montmorillonite was 15 mmol/g, and the mass concentration of montmorillonite suspension was 3%. The更多还原