【作者】 孙代平；

【导师】 唐祯安；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 物理电子学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究开发能对罐箱／槽罐车运输危险化学品过程中的有关参数进行实时采集、分析和发送，进而能对各种危险情况实现预警并报告运输控制中心的罐箱／槽车运输危险化学品实时监测系统，研究内容属于国家S863项目“基于MEMS传感器的集装箱监测系统关键技术研究”(No.2005AA404300)的一部分。 本文以液化石油气(LPG，Liquified Petroleum Gas)罐箱和液化天然气(LNG，Liquified Natural Gas)槽车为对象，研制了一种实时监测系统。该系统综合应用MEMS领域现有的气体、压力、液位、倾角、加速度等传感器，并以车载GPS／GPRS终端及其管理系统作为系统后端支持平台。系统以MSP430F149单片机为控制和处理中心，采集操作箱内的气体浓度和温湿度、罐内危险化学品的压力和液位、罐体的空间姿态和加速度以及阀件腔腔门的开合状态等信息。各监测参数被分为2-3个危险情况等级，当单片机采集的某一参数值达到预设报警阀值时，系统启动报警机制——通过RS-232串口向车载GPS／GPRS终端发送报警信息，并在系统内进行报警信息的备份，GPS／GPRS终端再将该信息发送到运输控制中心。同时，控制中心也可以通过GPS／GPRS管理系统实时查询危险化学品车辆的行驶路线情况，从而实现对罐箱／槽车所载化学品状态及车辆行驶状态的实时监测。 本系统首先在中集集团提供的LPG罐箱和LNG槽车上安装并完成了静态功能测试，然后，又经过了约3000公里覆盖各种路况的实地行车试验对系统稳定性和可靠性进行考核。考核结果表明，该系统基本达到了在运输危险化学品罐箱／槽车上的使用要求。 本文还对该系统的防爆性能进行了设计，并取得防爆认证。试验证明，该系统可以满足集装箱危险化学品运输监测的要求，能够有效提高危险化学品运输的安全性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper is to research a real-time hazardous chemical tank car monitor system, which can collect, analyze and send out some related parameters, and realize reporting dangerous situations to transportation control center. The topic of this thesis is part of the national S863 program funded project named as "Research of key technology in container monitor system based on MEMS sensors" (No. 2005AA404300).The paper developed a real-time monitor system, which was used on LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) and LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) tank car. The system, supported by a GPS/GPRS terminal and its management system, uses gas sensor, pressure sensor, inclinometer, and accelerometer etc., which have been researched in MEMS field. TheMCU-MSP430F149, as controller and processor of the system, collects all signal from thesensors such as concentration of dangerous gas, temperature and humidity in operation box, pressure and height in the tank, angle and accelerator of the tank and the state of doors. Every parameter is classed into two or three grades of dangerous situation. When some parameter,detected by MCU, exceeds its alarm value, the system enables alarm function-sendingalarm information to GPS/GPRS terminal via RS-232 interface. And the copy of the information is also backed up in system. The terminal then sends it to transportation control center to realize real time monitoring to tank car. At the same time, the control center can see the routine of the hazardous chemical tank car by GPS/GPRS management system. So real-time monitoring to the state of chemical substance and tank car itself is realized.The monitor system was installed and tested in LPG and LNG tank car provided by China International Marine Containers (Group) LTD (CIMC). A road test about 3000km including various roads was completed to validate stability and reliability of the system. It is indicated that the system realizes the basic functions needed in hazardous chemical tank car.In addition, the paper had done some research on explosion proof performance of the system and got an explosion proof certification. It is proved that the system can be used to the hazardous chemical tank car and effectively enhance the safety of hazardous chemical transportation.更多还原