【作者】 陈睿；

【导师】 崔鸿； 刘胜祥；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 硕士

【副题名】以武汉化工新城为例

【摘要】 化工行业是我国的一个支柱行业，同时也是一个高污染型的产业，长期以来，对环境造成了严重的污染和破坏，制约了中国环境和经济的可持续发展。因此，随着化工产业的发展，世界各国纷纷将环境影响评价(EIA)制度引入到化工建设项目中来。从1979年环境影响评价制度的确立，到随后20余年时间里，化工建设项目环境影响评价制度在促进区域经济发展、工程项目合理布局、增加环保投入、提高环保意识方面发挥了一定作用。 随着可持续发展理论的提出，项目建设环境影响评价逐渐暴露其局限性，于是人们提出了规划环境影响评价(SEA)。规划环境影响评价站在可持续发展的高度，力争从决策源头控制环境污染和生态破坏。本文在分析项目建设环境影响评价不足的基础上，阐述了规划环境影响评价的内涵和提出的背景，并介绍了国内外规划环境影响评价的发展状况，结合化工建设项目特点提出了化工类建设项目环境影响评价的要点。在此基础上，本文构建了化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价的理论基础和方法学体系，并以武汉化工新城规划为例总结了化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价方法。 化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价的理论基础主要包括了可持续发展理论、生态学理论、环境系统工程理论、环境经济学理论和循环经济理论。其中可持续发展理论是核心，规划环境影响评价就是落实可持续发展的重要工具；生态学理论是基础，化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价的内涵是为了维持生态系统的平衡，遵循生态学基本原则，是使生态环境可持续发展的基础；环境系统工程理论对于规划这个复杂的复合体系可以起到理论指导作用；环境经济学理论对于制定最优环保措施和对策起到了重要理论指导作用；循环经济理论倡导了一种环境和谐经济发展模式，可以使资源得到有效的分享。 本文阐述了开展化工建设项目规划环境影响评价所要遵循的九种基本原则以及化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价方法。化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价的方法有两类；即传统项目建设生态环境影响评价的基本方法和化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价的新方法，主要有生态系统服务功能价值评估方法、生态足迹评价方法、地理信息系统分析方法。 在以上总结的基础上，本文将前文所提供的化工建设项目规划生态环境影响评价理论方法体系应用到武汉化工新城总体规划生态环境影响评价中，分析了规划区域的生态承载力和规划的土地利用适宜度，应用GIS技术分析规划对区域生态景观更多还原

【Abstract】 Chemical industry is a pillar industry of the country, while it is also a high-polluting industry, which has caused serious environmental pollution and restricted the sustainable development of environment and economy.As a result, many countries lead Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) system into chemical industry construction project. The EIA system has been established in 1979 in China, in 20 years afterwards, chemical industry construction project EIA has played an important role in bringing about an advance in regional economy and rational overall arrangement of the project, increasing the input of environmental protection and improving consciousness of environmental protection.The demand for sustainable development and limitation of project EIA are the main reasons of developing Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). On the side of sustainable development, SEA is trying for interdicting the pollution in the headstream .The dissertation summarized the insufficiency of EIA, pointed out the background and connotation of SEA. On the bases, the dissertation constructed the basic theories and methods of chemical industry construction project planning ecological impact assessment. Taken the construction of Wuhan Chemical Industrial City as an example, the dissertation introduced the chemical industry construction project planning ecological impact assessment theories and methods.The dissertation pointed out the basic theoriesof chemical industry construction project planning ecological impact assessment. They include five important sections, i.e., sustainable development theory, ecological theory, environment system engineering theory, environment economics theory and recycling economy theory.Sustainable development theory is the kernel of all theory, SEA is an important method to implement sustainable development. Ecological theory is the foundation, the intensions of chemical industry construction project planning ecological impact assessment are keeping ecological balance. Following ecological basic principles, ecological environment can be developed continuously. Planning is a complicated system, and environment system engineering theory should be used as guidance. Establishing best environment protection measures often base on environment economics theory .And recycling economy theory更多还原