【作者】 钟斐；

【导师】 兰亚佳；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 劳动卫生与环境卫生学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 吸烟行为是现代全球流行的不良生活习惯，对人群的健康和经济造成了巨大的损害和负担。我国的烟草使用水平已经达到高峰，而工人人群是其中庞大的高吸烟率群体。因此，有必要明确工人群体的吸烟相关知信行，对其作出控烟需求评估，并开展有针对性、实用性和有效性的烟草知识培训，为实施工作场所控烟方面的健康促进提供科学依据。 此研究分两个阶段：第一阶段是对工人群体进行烟草知信行的横断面问卷调查，分析其基线情况并确定干预重点；第二阶段是对工人群体进行烟草相关知识培训，并评价培训后和3个月后随访的干预效果。 第一阶段以整群抽样的方法从某两个工厂抽取工人460人，采用美国天普大学亚裔健康中心开发的中国居民烟草知信行问卷进行调查，回收403份有效问卷，其中男性270人(67.0％)。数据用SPSS11.5软件包进行统计分析，描述工人烟草知信行基本情况，比较吸烟者和不吸烟者的烟草知识和态度差异，并探讨男性工人吸烟行为的主要影响因素。 工人总体现在吸烟率42.9％，男性吸烟率62.6％，女性3.0％。男性工人中，30岁以上者、初中及以下文化程度者有较高吸烟率(P＜0.05)。不吸烟者的烟草知识知晓率和正确态度支持率均显著高于吸烟者(P＜0.05)，对室内工作场所的控烟支持态度也显著高于吸烟者(P＜0.001)。探讨男性工人吸烟行为的相关影响因素得到：随年龄增加，吸烟率有所下降；家庭年收入较高者、有家人曾吸烟者、认为吸烟不会损害健康者、认为吸烟可解除疲劳者、或认为吸烟不会上瘾者，更倾向于发生吸烟行为(P＜0.05)。 第二阶段以随机抽样的方法从某八个工厂抽取工人352人，在工作场所进行了12组烟草知识培训，培训内容根据美国天普大学亚裔健康中心开发的亚裔成人吸烟与二手吸烟预防项目培训手册指导进行，并结合第一阶段的调查结果进行改进和完善。培训前后和3个月后随访时发放烟草知信行调查问卷评价干预效果，培训后回收有效问卷303份(男性187人，更多还原

【Abstract】 Smoking is an unhealthy behavior, which is prevalent around the world and does harm greatly to people’s health and economy. The situation of using tobacco is already on the peak in China, and workers are the huge population with high smoking rate. Thus it is necessary to make it clear that the smoking related KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice) of workers, assess their demand of tobacco control, conduct effective health education and intervention, and provide scientific evidences and suggestions for health promotion of tobacco control in workplace.This study was divided into two parts: the first part is a cross-sectional investigation of smoking related KAP among workers, to identify the situation of baseline and points of intervention; the second part is smoking related workshops, to conduct intervention of tobacco control and evaluate its effects after workshop and three months.In the first part, 460 workers were cluster sampled from two factories. Questionnaire about Smoking Related KAP among Chinese, which is developed by Center of Asian Health, Temple University, USA, was used to investigate the baseline situation. 403 effective questionnaires were returned (270 males, 67.0%). Data were analyzed by using SPSS (11.5 version), to provide base information about smoking related KAP among workers, compare differences on smoking related knowledge and attitude between smokers and nonsmokers, and to explore main impact factors on smoking among male workers.更多还原