【作者】 徐捷；

【导师】 高红；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 自索绪尔以来，词汇的任意性和理据性一直是人们争论的话题。自十九世纪八十年代以来，随着认知语言学的兴起，人们不再满足于对词汇形态的描述，而是力图寻求其形成背后的认知理据。本文从认知的角度，力图对隐喻复合词的理据进行分析，并对隐喻复合词的形成和形态作出解释。 本文第一章是对隐喻和隐喻复合词研究的概述。文章回顾了隐喻研究的历史，以及造词法和构词法研究为重心的传统隐喻复合词词研究概况，并介绍了在认知语言学影响下，隐喻和隐喻复合词研究重心所出现的认知转向。 隐喻是人类的认知工具，同时也是汉语中一个重要的造词法。隐喻复合词的形成受到社会文化，语言，认知等多种因素的驱动。本文第二章主要从认知语言学的角度，对隐喻造词的理据进行了分析。隐喻复合词可以帮助人们认识抽象概念，利用隐喻特征对世界进行范畴化，同时也可以填补词汇空缺，达到精练、生动的表达效果。 本文的第三章和第四章分别对隐喻复合词的构词形态以及认知理据分析进行了分析。隐喻复合词的形成方式可分为词汇隐喻词汇化和成份隐喻词汇化，隐喻是其形成的重要理据。尽管复合词的形态多种多样，但都可以通过认知语言学对其进行概括性的解释。总的来说，隐喻复合词的构成是为了更好地实现概念的激活，便于人们对词汇的加工和理解。其激活的途径有二：第一是通过背景／图形结构突出焦点，即通过喻体(本体)提供背景，从而使作为图形的本体(喻体)更加显著，加强概念的激活；第二是通过语义的相似或联想进行扩散式激活。隐喻复合词的构成与心理词库的结构相一致，二者都是通过语义的相似或联想建立起两个相邻单位的联系。这种结构上的相似性将有利于激活更多还原

【Abstract】 The arbitrariness and motivation of the words have long been controversial since these two concepts were put forward by Saussure. With the booming of cognitive linguistics in the 1980’s, people become no longer satisfied with the description of morphology of the words, but endeavor to explore its underlying cognitive motivations. In this thesis, we are going to take a cognitive perspective to study the motivations to the metaphoric compounds with a view to accounting for their word formation and morphological structures.The first chapter is a general survey to the study of the metaphor and metaphoric words. It reviews the research history of the metaphor and the traditional metaphoric compound study of word formation and morphology, and introduces their swerve towards cognitive study under the influence of cognitive linguistics.Metaphor is not only a cognitive tool of human beings, but also an important word formation approach in Chinese. The word formation of metaphoric compounds is motivated by various factors like culture, language and human cognition, etc.. In the second chapter, the motivations to the word formation of metaphoric compounds are mainly discussed from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Metaphoric compounds can be applied to facilitate the understanding of abstract concepts, or to categorize the world with metaphoric attributes. Besides, metaphoric compounds can also be applied to fill in the lexical gap, economize the language or add vividness to the language.更多还原